发表机构
National Institute for Fusion Science; Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo; National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology; Chubu University; Kyoto Fusioneering Ltd.（国立研究开发法人核融合科学研究所; 东京大学前沿科学研究生院; 国立研究开发法人量子科学技术研究开发机构; 中部大学; 京都聚变工程有限公司）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文回顾LHD上ECRH系统自1998年至2025年的发展历程，涵盖硬件进步、先进等离子体机制、诊断应用及对下一代螺旋装置CHD和CHD-U的技术贡献。
AI 中文摘要
大型螺旋装置（LHD）上的电子回旋共振加热（ECRH）系统在螺旋聚变研究从1998年首次等离子体到2025年12月25日最后一次放电的进展中发挥了关键作用。本文对LHD上的ECRH活动进行了历史回顾，重点介绍了硬件方面的逐步进展，包括回旋管、传输线和发射器系统，以及对过密加热和长脉冲稳态运行等先进等离子体机制的探索。除了等离子体加热外，ECRH系统还用作先进诊断的高功率探针，包括集体汤姆逊散射（CTS）和关联电子回旋发射（CECE），并作为输运研究和实时控制实验的灵活执行器。最后，我们讨论了LHD计划近三十年来积累的技术资产和运行经验如何被进一步开发并应用于下一代螺旋装置，特别是CHD和CHD-U，以及更广泛的回旋管和毫米波应用。
英文摘要
The electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) system on the Large Helical Device (LHD) played a key role in the progress of helical fusion research from the first plasma in 1998 to the final discharge on December 25, 2025. This paper presents a historical review of ECRH activities on LHD, highlighting the stepwise advances in hardware, including gyrotrons, transmission lines, and launcher systems, together with the exploration of advanced plasma regimes such as overdense heating and long-pulse steady-state operation. Beyond plasma heating, the ECRH system was also used as a high-power probe for advanced diagnostics, including collective Thomson scattering (CTS) as well as correlation electron cyclotron emission (CECE), and as a flexible actuator for transport studies and real-time control experiments. Finally, we discuss how the technological assets and operational expertise accumulated over the nearly three decades of the LHD program are being further developed and applied to next-generation helical devices, particularly CHD and CHD-U, as well as to broader gyrotron and millimeter-wave applications.
