发表机构
University of Arizona; U.S. National Science Foundation National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology; Penn State（亚利桑那大学; 美国国家科学基金会国家光学红外天文研究实验室; 加州理工学院喷气推进实验室; 宾夕法尼亚州立大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
利用NEID地球双胞胎巡天数据，发现并确认低质量行星HD 126053 b，联合表征HD 168009 b，并分析HD 10780的活动信号，展示EPRV仪器区分行星与活动信号的能力。
AI 中文摘要
极端精度视向速度（EPRV）光谱仪在扩展视向速度系外行星探测极限方面取得了进展。也许最好的证据是，EPRV仪器多么容易地促进了围绕那些已用不太稳定的仪器密集监测了几十年的恒星的小振幅行星信号的发现和详细表征。在本文中，我们使用正在进行的NEID地球双胞胎巡天（NETS）的数据来探测并确认行星HD 126053 b（周期P=10.91天），它是25秒差距内太阳型恒星周围质量最小的行星之一（m sin i = 3.60 M⊕）。然后，我们联合表征了已知行星HD 168009 b（周期P=15.14天；m sin i = 8.64 M⊕），它围绕一颗太阳类似星运行，同时还有一个先前未报告的27.8天信号，我们暂时将其归因于恒星活动的自转调制（P_rot = 30.1天）。我们还分析并讨论了HD 10780中由自转调制活动和长期活动周期组合引起的周期性视向速度变化。我们在更广泛的小行星种群背景下讨论了HD 126053 b和HD 168009 b，以及我们对这些系统中长周期行星的敏感性，并评论了我们区分行星引起的和活动引起的视向速度信号的能力。HD 126053异常视向速度安静，使其成为继续视向速度监测以寻找宜居带内低质量系外行星的有希望目标。
英文摘要
Extreme precision radial velocity (EPRV) spectrographs are making strides in extending the limits of radial velocity exoplanet detection. Perhaps the best evidence for this is how readily EPRV instruments are facilitating the discovery and detailed characterization of small-amplitude planetary signals around stars that have already been intensively monitored for decades with less stable instruments. In this paper, we use data from the ongoing NEID Earth Twin Survey (NETS) to detect and confirm the planet HD 126053 b (P=10.91 d), which is among the least massive planets (m sin i = 3.60 m M_\oplus) around solar-type stars within 25 pc. We then jointly characterize the known planet HD 168009 b (P=15.14 d; m sin i = 8.64 M_\oplus) orbiting a solar analog along with a previously unreported signal at 27.8 d which we tentatively attribute to rotational modulation of stellar activity (P_rot = 30.1 d). We also analyze and discuss periodic RV variations in HD 10780 arising from a combination of rotationally-modulated activity and a long-term activity cycle. We discuss HD 126053 b and HD 168009 b in the context of the broader small planet population and our sensitivity to long-period planets in these systems, and we comment on our capacity to disambiguate planet-induced and activity-induced radial velocity signals. HD 126053 is exceptionally RV-quiet, making it a promising target for continued RV monitoring in search of low-mass exoplanets in the habitable zone.
Comments22 pages. Submitted to AAS Journals
