液-气相变中的可逆性与多重性
Reversibility and Multiplicity in Liquid-Vapor Phase Change
- University of São Paulo (USP)（圣保罗大学）
- North Dakota State University (NDSU)（北达科他州立大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
本文通过扩散界面理论发现液-气相变中无粘极限下的可逆蒸发冷凝现象及粘性导致的多重冷凝速率，并用格子玻尔兹曼模拟验证，揭示了该理论的新行为。
AI中文摘要：
利用扩散界面理论，我们发现了在广泛使用的蒸发和冷凝模型中不存在的意外相变现象。在无粘极限下，相同的相邻热力学状态允许静止的蒸发和冷凝，且质量通量大小相等、方向相反，即使蒸汽压力低于饱和值。粘性打破了这种可逆性，但产生了同一蒸汽状态下的多个静止冷凝速率。格子玻尔兹曼模拟动态地恢复了这些状态，表明这些现象是由扩散界面方程动态实现的，而不仅仅是简化界面关系的数学解。我们的结果揭示了液-汽界面这一成熟理论中先前未被探索的行为。
英文摘要：
Using diffuse-interface theory, we uncover unexpected phase-change phenomena that are absent from widely used models of evaporation and condensation. In the inviscid limit, the same adjacent thermodynamic states admit stationary evaporation and condensation with equal and opposite mass fluxes, even when the vapor pressure lies below saturation. Viscosity breaks this reversibility but gives rise to multiple stationary condensation rates for the same vapor state. Lattice Boltzmann simulations dynamically recover these states, showing that these phenomena are dynamically realized by the diffuse-interface equations rather than arising solely as mathematical solutions of the reduced interfacial relations. Our results reveal previously unexplored behavior in a well-established theory of liquid--vapor interfaces.
