Sipser-Spielman 遇上 Dijkgraaf-Witten:通过扭曲层丛规范场论实现非阿贝尔 qLDPC 码与近恒定开销的魔法态喷泉
Sipser-Spielman meets Dijkgraaf-Witten: non-Abelian qLDPC codes via twisted sheaf gauge theory and almost-constant-overhead magic state fountain
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center(IBM量子,IBM托马斯·J·沃森研究中心)
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, University of Maryland(马里兰大学联合量子信息与计算科学中心)
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo(东京大学应用物理系)
- Department of Mathematics, King’s College London(伦敦国王学院数学系)
机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。
AI总结:
本工作统一 Sipser-Spielman 码与 Dijkgraaf-Witten 理论,提出扭曲层丛规范场论框架,构造非阿贝尔 $D_4$ qLDPC 码,并实现近乎恒定速率的魔法态并行制备。
AI中文摘要:
Sipser-Spielman 码和 Dijkgraaf-Witten 扭曲规范场论分别是计算机科学和数学物理领域近几十年来最深刻的思想之一。本工作利用层丛上同调的语言将它们统一在同一框架中,并提出了一个扭曲层丛规范场论的新框架,用于描述具有非阿贝尔 $D_4$ 拓扑序的一类量子低密度奇偶校验(qLDPC)码。相应的扭曲 qLDPC 码可以通过对定义在层丛复形上的 qLDPC 码进行一种新型 0-形式子复形 $\nmathbb{Z}_2^3$ 对称性的规范测量来获得,并可被解释为由适当有间隙界面粘合的非阿贝尔 $D_4$ 斑块构成的拓扑缺陷网络。作为应用,可以利用这一点,通过将可寻址的逻辑 CZ 门作为 0-形式子复形对称性进行规范测量,在二维超图乘积层丛复形上实现一个“魔法态喷泉”。这包括将任意恒定速率、参数为 $[[n,\Theta(n), \Omega(n^{1/2})]]$ 的二维超图乘积码细分为量子层丛码的方案,该方案允许并行制备 $\Theta(n^{1/2})$ 个魔法态,等价于最近使用码到流形映射的几何构造(见 arXiv:2601.06736)。此外,利用 Golowich-Tamo-Zhu 最近提出的层丛复形和代数码构造(见 arXiv:2609.27801),其参数为 $[[n,\Theta(n^{1-\epsilon}), \Omega(n^{(1-\epsilon)/2})]]$(其中 $\epsilon$ 可任意小),可以并行制备 $\Theta(n^{1-\epsilon})$ 个 CZ 魔法态,从而实现近乎恒定的魔法速率。
英文摘要:
Sipser-Spielman codes and Dijkgraaf-Witten twisted gauge theories are among the most profound ideas in the last few decades in the areas of computer science and mathematical physics respectively. This work unifies them in the same framework using the language of sheaf cohomology, and produces a new framework of twisted sheaf gauge theories describing a class of quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes with non-Abelian $D_4$ topological order. The corresponding twisted Clifford-stabilizer qLDPC code can be obtained from gauging a new type of 0-form sub-complex symmetry from a qLDPC code defined on a general sheaf complex, and can be interpreted as a topological defect network of non-Abelian $D_4$ patches glued together with proper gapped interfaces. As an application, one can use this to realize a magic state fountain via the gauging measurement of the addressable logical CZ gates as 0-form subcomplex symmetries in a 2D hypergraph-product (HGP) sheaf code. This includes a scheme of subdividing an arbitrary constant-rate 2D HGP code with parameters $[[n,Θ(n), Ω(n^{1/2})]]$ into a quantum sheaf code which allows preparation of $Θ(n^{1/2})$ logical CZ magic states in parallel, equivalent to the recent geometric construction using the code-to-manifold mapping in (arXiv:2601.06736). Moreover, using the recent sheaf complex and algebraic code constructions by Golowich-Tamo-Zhu (arXiv:2609.27801) with parameters $[[n,Θ(n^{1-ε}), Ω(n^{(1-ε)/2})]]$ for arbitrary small $ε$, one can prepare $Θ(n^{1-ε})$ CZ magic states in parallel and hence achieve an almost-constant magic rate.