基于EEG的词联想范式用于成人ADHD筛查：一项探索性初步研究
EEG-based Word Association Paradigm for Adult ADHD Screening: An Exploratory Pilot Study
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究探索基于EEG的词联想范式作为成人ADHD筛查的补充方法，发现语义距离分析能捕捉标准EEG指标未检测到的认知差异，为现有筛查工具提供潜在补充。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
随着过去几十年来注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的流行，全球医疗系统面临严峻的诊断挑战，原因是诊断等待时间长，且依赖无法区分ADHD与共病精神障碍的主观行为评估，尤其是对于成年患者。本探索性研究调查基于EEG的词联想范式是否有望作为成人ADHD筛查的补充方法。采用混合方法，研究考察了神经典型个体（NT）、临床诊断为ADHD的参与者（ND）以及等待正式诊断的自我报告ADHD病例（SR）在三个词联想任务中的神经和认知差异。虽然已确立的EEG生物标志物（ERP N400、Theta/Beta比值和Alpha抑制）未显示显著的组间差异，但语义距离分析揭示了统计学显著的主效应（$p=0.003$），其中SR组表现出最发散的联想。这些初步发现表明，词联想范式可能捕获标准EEG指标未检测到的认知差异，并鼓励进一步的大规模研究，作为现有成人ADHD筛查工具的潜在补充。
英文摘要
With the prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) over the past decades, healthcare systems across the globe face critical diagnostic challenges due to long diagnostic waiting times and a reliance on subjective behavioural assessments that cannot distinguish ADHD from comorbid psychiatric disorders, especially for adult patients. This exploratory study investigates whether EEG-based word association paradigms show promise as a complementary approach to screening for ADHD in adults. Using a mixed-method approach, the study examines neurological and cognitive differences between neurotypical individuals (NT), clinically diagnosed ADHD participants (ND), and self-reported ADHD cases awaiting formal diagnosis (SR) across three word association tasks. While established EEG biomarkers (ERP N400, Theta/Beta Ratio, and Alpha Suppression) show no significant group differences, semantic distance analysis reveals a statistically significant main effect ($p=0.003$), with the SR group showing the most divergent associations. These preliminary findings suggest that word association paradigms may capture cognitive differences not detected by standard EEG metrics and encourage further large-scale investigation as a potential complement to existing adult ADHD screening tools.
发表机构
- Goldsmiths, University of London（伦敦大学金史密斯学院）
- City St George’s, University of London（伦敦大学城市圣乔治学院）
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