基于圆形里德伯轨道的超冷原子电子晶格势

中文摘要 AI 辅助

最近在利用单个囚禁原子的实验中所取得的进展，使得对具有极长寿命的圆形里德伯电子的精确控制成为可能。我们表明，这些巨大且稳定的电子轨道可以形成用于超冷原子的环形晶格势，其周期由电子的德布罗意波长设定。与传统的静态光学晶格不同，这种电子晶格是通过电子-原子相互作用形成的，该相互作用将具有相反方位角相位缠绕的里德伯圆态混合成驻立电子物质波。因此，晶格相位本质上与原子位置耦合。对于一对原子，这导致沿环的两原子空间相关性中出现弹道隧穿运动，而单粒子动力学基本上是自由旋转。我们针对利用光镊进行单个原子控制的实验现实设定模拟了动力学过程。我们的结果为将单个电子介导的长程原子-原子相互作用纳入其中开辟了途径，并最终实现限制在这些微观电子原子陷阱中的小型玻色气体和费米气体。

英文摘要

Recent advances in experiments using individually trapped atoms have enabled precise control over circular Rydberg electrons with exceptionally long lifetimes. We show that these giant and stable electron orbits can form toroidal lattice potentials for ultracold atoms with a period set by the electron's de Broglie wavelength. Unlike conventional static optical lattices, this electron lattice is formed via the electron-atom interaction, which mixes Rydberg circular states with opposite azimuthal phase winding into a standing electronic matter wave. The lattice phase is thereby intrinsically coupled to the atom position. For a pair of atoms, this results in ballistic tunneling motion in the two-atom spatial correlations along the ring, while the single particle dynamics is essentially free rotation. We simulate the dynamics for an experimentally realistic setting that exploits optical tweezers for individual atom control. Our results open a route toward incorporating long range atom-atom interactions mediated by a single electron and, ultimately, realizing small Bose and Fermi gases confined in these microscopic electronic atom traps.

发表机构

• Max-Planck Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme（马克斯·普朗克复杂系统物理研究所）
• Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Department of Chemistry, Durham University（杜伦大学化学系）
• Physikalisches Institut and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universität Stuttgart（斯图加特大学第五物理研究所及综合量子科学技术中心）
• Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University（普渡大学物理与天文学系）

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