玻色混合物中量子液滴、气泡和空穴态的前沿构造
Front-based construction of quantum droplets, bubbles, and hole states in a Bose mixture
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究通过扩展Gross-Pitaevskii方程的前沿构造方法，统一描述了玻色混合物中的量子液滴、气泡和空穴态，并揭示了其稳定性与碰撞动力学特性。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们研究了由具有吸引三次平均场相互作用和排斥四次Lee-Huang-Yang贡献的扩展Gross-Pitaevskii方程控制的细长玻色混合物中的非线性空穴、气泡、扭结前沿和类量子液滴态。我们对恒定振幅背景进行分类：Bogoliubov-de Gennes谱表明上分支是调制稳定的，而下分支对长波长扰动不稳定。巨势和压力确定了真空-有限密度共存点以及支持静态扭结和反扭结前沿的唯一背景。稳定背景上的对称空穴具有密度亏缺和积分宽度，在共存点附近随着空穴分离成两个非线性前沿而发散。乘性扭结-反扭结构造将钟形态连接到宽平顶液滴，并随着前沿分离的增加而接近静态量子液滴族。具有相同符号的反扭结-扭结和产生无相位跳跃的气泡状密度耗尽，而它们的差产生在渐近背景之间具有π相位差的暗空穴样轮廓。气泡深度随前沿分离而增加，区分了灰样和暗样轮廓。实时模拟表明，深气泡在弱随机扰动下持续存在，证明了有限时间鲁棒性，而无需建立谱稳定性。在不对称双组分模型中，局域相对密度模式可以在调制稳定背景上诱导自旋驱动分裂，而鲁棒空穴在扭结极限附近持续存在。扭结-反扭结液滴态碰撞表现出相位依赖合并、不对称粒子转移和有效反射。这些结果将非线性前沿与超越平均场玻色混合物中的气泡、相位跳变空穴和自束缚液滴联系起来。
英文摘要
We study nonlinear holes, bubbles, kink fronts, and quantum-droplet-like states in an elongated Bose mixture governed by an extended Gross-Pitaevskii equation with attractive cubic mean-field interactions and repulsive quartic Lee-Huang-Yang contribution. We classify the constant-amplitude backgrounds: the Bogoliubov-de Gennes spectrum shows that the upper branch is modulationally stable, whereas the lower branch is unstable to long-wavelength perturbations. Grand-potential and pressure determine the vacuum-finite-density coexistence point and the unique background supporting stationary kink and antikink fronts. Symmetric holes on the stable background have a density deficit and integral width that diverge near coexistence as the hole separates into two nonlinear fronts. A multiplicative kink-antikink construction connects bell-shaped states to broad flat-top droplets and approaches the stationary quantum-droplet family as the front separation increases. An antikink-kink sum with equal signs generates bubble-like density depletions without a phase jump, whereas their difference produces dark-hole-like profiles with a $π$ phase difference between the asymptotic backgrounds. Bubble depth increases with front separation, distinguishing gray-like and dark-like profiles. Real-time simulations show that deep bubbles persist under weak random perturbations, demonstrating finite-time robustness without establishing spectral stability. In the asymmetric two-component model, localized relative-density modes can induce spinor-driven breakup on a modulationally stable background, while robust holes persist near the kink limit. Collisions of kink-antikink droplet-like states display phase-dependent merging, asymmetric particle transfer, and effective reflection. These results connect nonlinear fronts with bubbles, phase-jump holes, and self-bound droplets in beyond-mean-field Bose mixtures.
发表机构
- Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences S. A. Azimov Physical-Technical Institute（乌兹别克斯坦科学院 S.A. 阿齐莫夫物理技术研究所）
- National University of Uzbekistan（乌兹别克斯坦国立大学）
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