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arXiv 2609.30408astro-ph.HEnucl-th

机器学习 $\eta$ 衰变半衰期及其在 $r$ 过程可观测量中的应用

Machine Learning $β$-decay Half-lives and Their Application to $r$-Process Observables

Mengke Li, Flora Wang, Jonathan Engel, Matthew Mumpowe, Rebecca Surman, Nicole Vassh

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中文总结 AI 辅助

提出基于混合密度网络的机器学习方法预测中子丰核的β衰变半衰期,量化不确定性,并评估其对r过程核合成及千新星光变曲线的影响。

中文摘要 AI 辅助

准确建模高中子丰度原子核的 $\eta$ 衰变半衰期是理解 $r$ 过程核合成及由此产生的千新星光变曲线的关键挑战。我们提出了一种数据驱动的方法来建模 $\eta$ 衰变,该方法使用混合密度网络(MDNs),在最新的实验测量数据上训练,以推断中子丰度原子核的半衰期。与标准的确定性回归不同,MDN 直接参数化半衰期的概率分布,提供固有的(偶然)不确定性。我们将单个模型的固有不确定性与通过随机变化输入训练数据样本所产生的模型范围进行对比。虽然所有模型与实验数据表现出极好的一致性,但我们发现,变化训练数据集会产生广泛的推断结果,尤其是在数据稀缺区域,如 $N=126$ 同位素链。然后,我们将选定的模型结果传播到 $r$ 过程网络计算中,以评估它们对同位素丰度的影响。最后,通过将所得同位素丰度与热化效率耦合,我们将有效核加热率转化为辐射度量光变曲线。我们比较了单个模型固有不确定性所产生的结果范围与在不同训练数据集上训练的多个独立模型所产生的结果范围。

英文摘要

Accurately modeling $β$-decay half-lives of highly neutron-rich nuclei is a critical challenge for understanding $r$-process nucleosynthesis and the resulting kilonova light curves. We introduce a data-driven approach to model $β$ decay that uses Mixture Density Networks (MDNs) trained on the latest experimental measurements to extrapolate the half-lives of neutron rich nuclei. Unlike standard deterministic regression, the MDN directly parameterizes the probability distribution of the half-lives, providing intrinsic (aleatoric) uncertainty. We contrast the intrinsic uncertainty of a single model with the range of models produced by using random variations of the input training data samples. While all models show excellent agreement with experimental data, we find that varying the training data sets produces a wide range of extrapolations, particularly along data-poor regions such as the $N=126$ isotonic chain. We then propagate a selection of model results into $r$-process network calculations to evaluate their impact on isotopic abundances. Finally, by coupling the resulting isotopic abundances with thermalization efficiencies, we translate the effective nuclear heating rates into bolometric light curves. We compare the ranges of outcomes produced from the intrinsic uncertainty of a single model to those produced by multiple independent models trained on different training data sets.

发表机构

  • University of California, Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校)
  • University of Notre Dame(圣母大学)
  • University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill(北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校)
  • Obsidian Research(黑曜石研究)
  • TRIUMF(特里厄姆福实验室)

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