TRICEPS. I. 在z=4-5的大质量恒星形成星系中追踪亚千秒差距尺度的冷气体、尘埃和恒星
TRICEPS. I. Tracing cold gas, dust, and stars at sub-kpc scales in massive star-forming galaxies at z = 4-5
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari（卡利亚里大学）
- Nanjing University（南京大学）
- DARK, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen（哥本哈根大学尼尔斯玻尔研究所DARK中心）
- University of British Columbia（不列颠哥伦比亚大学）
- European Southern Observatory（欧洲南方天文台）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
TRICEPS巡天利用ALMA和JWST数据，在亚千秒差距尺度上解析z=4-5大质量星系的气体、尘埃和恒星，发现规则旋转在这些早期星系中普遍存在。
AI中文摘要：
我们介绍了TRICEPS（追踪原初星系中分辨的电离碳发射）巡天。TRICEPS聚焦于一个包含16个z=4-5大质量星系的样本，这些星系拥有顶级质量的数据：（i）ALMA波段7对[CII]-158微米谱线的观测，以约0.1角秒（约0.8千秒差距）的空间分辨率追踪冷气体的分布和运动学；（ii）ALMA对静止框架160微米连续谱发射的成图，以类似的空间分辨率追踪尘埃分布；（iii）来自NIRCam和MIRI的多波段JWST图像，以0.1-0.2角秒的空间分辨率追踪恒星质量分布和恒星形成活动；（iv）来自ALMA和VLA的多谱线CO观测，包括CO(1-0)谱线，追踪分子气体含量。在这第一篇论文中，我们描述了TRICEPS的科学目标、星系样本的基本性质以及ALMA波段7的观测。TRICEPS星系仅基于明亮的[CII]通量（>2 Jy km/s）进行选择。它们位于z=4-5恒星形成主序的顶端，恒星质量在约10^10.5-10^12太阳质量之间，恒星形成速率在约100-3000太阳质量/年之间。迄今为止，TRICEPS是z=4-5星系中气体分布和运动学得到异常良好分辨的最大样本：平均每个星系有46个信噪比高于3的分辨单元。根据巡天设计，一半的TRICEPS目标位于星系对中；在四对中有三对显示出明显的潮汐相互作用迹象。在所有星系中，[CII]速度场显示出规则的旋转，尽管相互作用的星系往往更加受到扰动。TRICEPS观测表明，在宇宙年龄小于约15亿年时，规则旋转在大质量恒星形成星系中普遍存在。
英文摘要：
We introduce the TRICEPS (Tracing Resolved Ionized Carbon Emission in Primeval Systems) survey. TRICEPS focuses on a sample of 16 massive galaxies at z = 4 - 5 with top-quality data: (i) ALMA band-7 observations of the [CII]-158 micron line, tracing the cold gas distribution and kinematics at spatial resolutions of about 0.1" (~0.8 kpc), (ii) ALMA maps of the rest-frame 160 micron continuum emission, tracing the dust distribution at similar spatial resolutions, (iii) multi-band JWST images from NIRCam and MIRI, tracing the stellar mass distribution and star formation activity at spatial resolutions of 0.1"-0.2", and (iv) multi-line CO observations from ALMA and the VLA, including the CO(1-0) line, tracing the molecular gas content. In this first paper, we describe the TRICEPS scientific goals, the basic properties of the galaxy sample, and the ALMA band-7 observations. TRICEPS galaxies were selected based only on bright [CII] fluxes (>2 Jy km/s). They lie on the top-end of the star-forming main sequence at z = 4-5, having stellar masses between about 10^10.5-10^12 Msun and star-formation rates between about 100 - 3000 Msun/yr. To date, TRICEPS is the largest sample of galaxies at z = 4-5 for which the gas distribution and kinematics are exceptionally well resolved: on average, 46 resolution elements per galaxy with signal-to-noise ratio higher than 3. By survey design, half of the TRICEPS targets are in galaxy pairs; clear signs of tidal interactions are present in three of the four pairs. In all galaxies, the [CII] velocity fields display regular rotation, albeit the interacting galaxies tend to be somewhat more disturbed. The TRICEPS observations suggest that regular rotation is ubiquitous among massive star-forming galaxies when the Universe was less than ~1.5 Gyr old.
