MAGGIE：一种磁性引力波感应实验
MAGGIE: A Magnetic Gravitational Wave Induction Experiment
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- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg（汉堡大学实验物理研究所）
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中文总结 AI 辅助
MAGGIE是欧洲首个集总元件高频引力波探测器，利用14 T螺线管磁体探测kHz-MHz频段引力波，通过定制拾取环和8字形几何结构实现噪声抑制，预计可约束未探索的高频引力波参数空间。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
引力波（GW）在与外部电场和磁场相互作用时，可以感应出有效的电磁电流，这由麦克斯韦方程组的线性化引力修正所描述。这种耦合使得利用轴子晕镜实验实现对高频引力波（HFGW）的新型探测方法成为可能。在此，我们介绍磁性引力波感应实验（MAGGIE），这是欧洲提出的首个集总元件高频引力波探测器，旨在通过利用汉堡大学的14 T螺线管磁体，探测千赫兹至兆赫兹频段的高频引力波。引力波感应的磁通量由一个定制设计的拾取环捕获，该拾取环针对有效电流的预期对称性进行了优化。采用了一种8字形几何结构，其方向用于打破方位角对称性，并配合盲环配置，用于实时噪声抑制和校准。读出方案针对连续信号和时域瞬态搜索进行了定制，使用波形模板用于原初黑洞（PBH）并合事件。在40 MHz高频端，以应变谱噪声密度表示的预期实验探测能力，对于瞬态搜索预计达到约$4 \times 10^{-16}/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$；以应变表示，对于1年的连续搜索预计达到约$10^{-19}$。这使得MAGGIE能够约束目前尚未探索的高频引力波参数空间区域。
英文摘要
Gravitational waves (GWs) can induce effective electromagnetic currents when interacting with external electric and magnetic fields, as described by linearized gravity modifications to Maxwell's equations. This coupling enables a novel detection approach for high-frequency gravitational waves (HFGWs) using axion haloscope experiments. Here we present the MAGnetic Gravitational wave Induction Experiment (MAGGIE), the first lumped-element HFGW detector proposed in Europe, designed to probe HFGWs in the kHz-MHz regime by leveraging a 14 T solenoidal magnet at the University of Hamburg. The GW-induced magnetic flux is captured by a custom-designed pickup loop optimized for the expected symmetry of the effective current. A figure-8-shaped geometry, oriented to break the azimuthal symmetry, is implemented, together with a blind-loop configuration, for real-time noise rejection and calibration. The readout scheme is tailored for continuous signals and time-domain transient searches, using waveform templates for primordial black hole (PBH) mergers. The expected experimental reach in terms of strain spectral noise density at the 40 MHz high-frequency end is projected to reach $\sim 4 \times 10^{-16}/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ for transient searches, and in terms of strain, projected to reach $\sim 10^{-19}$ for 1 year of continuous search. This allows MAGGIE to constrain currently unexplored regions of the HFGW parameter space.
