arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 2609.29946math.GT

纽结空间中组合1-上循环与环的配对

Pairings of combinatorial 1-cocycles with loops in knot spaces

Butian Zhang

首次发表
浏览论文内容

中文总结 AI 辅助

本文用Gauss图构造长纽结空间上的组合1-上循环,证明其有限型不变量性质,并计算与各类环的配对,给出下降判据。

中文摘要 AI 辅助

我们证明了由带三角形的Gauss图定义的空间中长纽结的典范环上的组合1-上循环的求值是有限型不变量。利用Gauss图,我们在长纽结空间上构造了两个取值为$\mathbb{Z}$的组合1-上循环$\beta_1, \beta_2$和一个取值为$\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$的1-上循环$\beta_3$,并通过验证它们在来自平面曲线余维二奇点的更高Reidemeister移动下的不变性来证明它们的上循环性。我们表明它们代表真正新的1-上同调类,并计算它们与旋转、滚动、半滚动、括号和半括号环的配对。一个关键的新特征是$\beta_1$和$\beta_2$可以与括号和半括号环非平凡地配对。我们猜想在$\mathbb{Q}$上$(\alpha_3^1,\beta_1,\beta_2)$,以及它们在$\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$上的模2约化连同$\beta_3$,在Vassiliev意义下构成阶数至多4的一次上同调的基。此外,我们证明了在$\operatorname{Emb}(S^1, S^3)$中,重参数化环与滚动环和旋转环的串联同伦。最后,我们给出了长纽结空间中的1-上同调类下降到$\operatorname{Emb}(S^1, S^3)$和$\operatorname{Emb}(S^1, S^3)/\operatorname{Diff}^{+}(S^1)$中的1-上同调类的判据。利用这些判据,我们证明了$\beta_1$下降到$\operatorname{Emb}(S^1,S^3)$中的一个非平凡1-上同调类,而$\beta_1 \bmod 2$和$\beta_3$下降到$\operatorname{Emb}(S^1, S^3)/\operatorname{Diff}^{+}(S^1)$中的线性无关的非平凡1-上同调类。

英文摘要

We show that the evaluations of combinatorial 1-cocycles defined by Gauss diagrams with a triangle on the canonical loops in the space of long knots are finite type invariants. Using Gauss diagrams, we construct two $\mathbb{Z}$-valued combinatorial 1-cocycles $β_1, β_2$ and a $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$-valued 1-cocycle $β_3$ on the space of long knots and prove their cocyclicity by verifying their invariance under higher Reidemeister moves coming from the codimension-two singularities of plane curves. We show that they represent genuinely new 1-cohomology classes and compute their pairings with the rotation, rolling, half rolling, bracket and half bracket loops. A key new feature is that $β_1$ and $β_2$ can pair nontrivially with bracket and half-bracket loops. We conjecture that $(α_3^1,β_1,β_2)$ over $\mathbb{Q}$, and their mod 2 reductions together with $β_3$ over $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$, form bases of degree-one cohomology up to order 4 in the sense of Vassiliev. In addition, we show that the reparametrization loop is homotopic to the rolling loop concatenated with the rotation loop in $\operatorname{Emb}(S^1, S^3)$. Finally, we give the criteria for a 1-cohomology class in the long knot space to descend to 1-cohomology classes in $\operatorname{Emb}(S^1, S^3)$ and $\operatorname{Emb}(S^1, S^3)/\operatorname{Diff}^{+}(S^1)$. Using these criteria, we show that $β_1$ descends to a nontrivial 1-cohomology class in $\operatorname{Emb}(S^1,S^3)$, while $β_1 \bmod 2$ and $β_3$ descend to linearly independent nontrivial 1-cohomology classes in $\operatorname{Emb}(S^1, S^3)/\operatorname{Diff}^{+}(S^1)$.

发表机构

  • Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse(图卢兹数学研究所,图卢兹大学)

机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。

补充信息

↑