发表机构
Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization; University of Luxembourg（马克斯·普朗克动力学与自组织研究所; 卢森堡大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究通过热力学一致的化学反应模型，发现活性反应可减少示踪剂阻力并产生非平衡涨落，从而加速其扩散，为控制质量传输提供新途径。
AI 中文摘要
被动示踪剂在复杂混合物中的扩散率对工业应用和生物系统探测具有广泛意义。与周围介质的相互作用通常会产生抑制示踪剂扩散的阻力，尽管自推进可通过活性涨落加速示踪剂。在具有粒子转化和交换的混合物中，类似效应尚未被理解，尽管这些效应在生物环境中尤为重要，其中活性驱动的反应占主导。通过研究混合物中化学反应的热力学一致模型，我们表明反应提供了额外的弛豫路径，抑制了相互作用引起的记忆，减少了对示踪剂的阻力，并将其扩散率恢复到无溶质时的预期值。此外，活性反应产生非平衡涨落，可将示踪剂扩散率推至该极限之上，我们通过基于粒子的模拟证实了这一效应。我们的结果将化学活性确定为控制质量传输的独特途径，并为解释化学活性混合物中的微流变学实验提供了框架。
英文摘要
Diffusivity of passive tracers in complex mixtures is widely relevant for industrial applications and for probing biological systems. Interactions with the surrounding medium typically generate a drag force that suppresses tracer diffusion, although self-propulsion can accelerate tracers via active fluctuations. Similar effects are not understood in mixtures with particle conversion and exchange, although these are particularly relevant in biological contexts, where actively driven reactions prevail. By studying a thermodynamically consistent model of chemical reactions in mixtures, we show that reactions provide an additional relaxation pathway that suppresses interaction-induced memory, reducing the drag on tracers and restoring their diffusivity toward the value expected in the absence of solutes. Moreover, active reactions generate nonequilibrium fluctuations that can push tracer diffusivity beyond this limit, an effect we confirm with particle-based simulations. Our results identify chemical activity as a distinct route to controlling mass transport and offer a framework for interpreting microrheology experiments in chemically active mixtures.
