发表机构
Dipartimento di Matematica, Università di Pisa; Laboratoire IMATH, Université de Toulon(比萨大学数学系; 土伦大学IMATH实验室)
机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文研究 Radon 测度的 Monge-Kantorovich 切丛,证明切向条件等价于 Arens-Eells 空间中的收敛性和 Lipschitz 函数的可微性,并确认其与可分解丛一致。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究欧几里得空间中由 Bouchitté、Champion 和 Jimenez(2005)引入的关于 Radon 测度 $\mu$ 的切丛 $T_\mu$。其构造灵感来源于 Monge-Kantorovich 最优传输理论,涉及 Lipschitz 函数与所谓的 Arens-Eells 空间之间的对偶性,后者是通过完备化平衡符号测度集得到的分布构成的 Banach 子空间。精确地说,当 $\sigma \mu$ 的散度位于 Arens-Eells 空间时,速度场 $\sigma$ 是 $\mu$-切向的。在 $\mu$ 几乎处处定义的切丛 $T_\mu$ 提供了一个局部投影,使得我们能够在 Lipschitz 函数上构造一个弱连续且满足分部积分的 $\mu$-切向梯度算子。在本文中,我们引入一个新的定量估计,涉及给定速度向量场 $\sigma \in L^1_\mu(\mathbb{R}^d)$ 的切向和法向分量。具体地,我们证明 $\sigma \in T_\mu$ 在 $\mu$ 几乎处处成立的切向条件等价于以下两个条件中的每一个:当 $h \to 0$ 时,$h^{-1} \left((id+h \sigma)_{\\#} \mu - \mu\right)$ 在 Arens-Eells 空间中的收敛性,以及 Lipschitz 函数沿 $\sigma$ 的可微性。此外,给定一个非切向方向场,我们构造一个 Lipschitz 函数,使其在一个大集合上不可微,从而确认 $T_\mu$ 与 Alberti 和 Marchese 的可分解丛一致。最后,我们将 $T_\mu$ 与 Preiss 的切测度联系起来,并综述切向微分演算的进一步性质。
英文摘要
We study the tangent bundle $T_μ$ to a Radon measure $μ$ in Euclidean space, introduced by Bouchitté, Champion and Jimenez (2005). Its construction, inspired by Monge-Kantorovich optimal transport theory, involves the duality between Lipschitz functions and the so-called Arens-Eells space, a Banach subspace of distributions obtained by completing the set of balanced signed measures. Precisely, a velocity field $σ$ is $μ$-tangent when the divergence of $σμ$ lies in the Arens-Eells space. The tangent bundle $T_μ$ defined $μ$-almost everywhere provides a local projection that allows to construct a $μ$-tangential gradient operator on Lipschitz functions that is weakly continuous and enjoys integration by parts. In this paper, we introduce a new quantitative estimate involving the tangential and normal components of a given velocity vector field $σ\in L^1_μ(\mathbb{R}^d)$. Specifically, we show that the tangential condition $σ\in T_μ$ holding $μ$ a.e. is equivalent to each of the following two conditions: the convergence in the Arens-Eells space of $h^{-1} \left((id+h σ)_{\#} μ- μ\right)$ as $h \to 0$, and the differentiability of Lipschitz functions along $σ$. Moreover, given a field of non-tangent directions, we construct a Lipschitz function that is not differentiable on a large set, confirming that $T_μ$ agrees with the decomposability bundle of Alberti and Marchese. We finally relate $T_μ$ to the tangent measures of Preiss and survey further properties of the tangential differential calculus.
Comments48 pages