论由利润率差异驱动的资本再配置过程中的动态价格形成：价值的严格守恒支持卡尔·马克思的理论
On dynamic price formation in the course of capital reallocation driven by differential rates of profit: strict conservation of value supports Karl Marx's theory
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文构建动态三部门模型，将马克思总体等式作为严格守恒约束，研究资本再配置中的价格形成，验证了创新与工资变化下利润率变动规律，支持马克思理论。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们构建了一个动态的三部门模型，在该模型中，马克思的总体等式（总价格等于总价值，总利润等于总剩余价值）在资本再配置和技术扩散过程中被视为严格的守恒约束。三个价格-价值系数由两个总体等式以及一个闭合条件决定，该闭合条件设定某一部门的价格利润率等于同期的价值平均利润率（锚定）。在创新之前，资本流入扩大了接收部门的产出，并且在两种锚定下都降低了其单位价格和超额盈利能力。这种随产出上升而内生性的价格下降支持了一种双时间尺度的解读：与需求相关的价格变动可能先于通过资本流动进行的较慢调整。一项节省劳动、资本密集型的创新会产生暂时的额外剩余价值，重新评估已投入的资本，并改变整个经济体的利润率。在实际工资不变的情况下，最终的统一利润率上升，这与置盐定理一致。当实际工资上升足以使总体剥削率大致保持不变时，资本有机构成提高，最终利润率下降。严格的总体守恒在计算上是自洽的，并在明确的闭合条件和工资假设下产生了不同的过渡性预测。
英文摘要
We develop a dynamic three-sector model in which Marx's aggregate equalities (total price equals total value and total profit equals total surplus value) are treated as strict conservation constraints throughout capital reallocation and technical diffusion. Three price-value coefficients are determined by the two aggregate equalities and a closure that sets one sector's price-based profit rate equal to the contemporaneous value-based average (the anchor). Before innovation, capital inflow expands the receiving sector's output and, under both anchors, lowers its unit price and excess profitability. This endogenous fall in price as output rises supports a two-timescale reading: demand-related price movements may precede slower adjustment through capital mobility. A labour-saving, capital-intensifying innovation generates temporary extra surplus value, revalues committed capital, and changes the economy-wide profit rate. At constant real wages, the final uniform rate rises, consistent with Okishio's theorem. When real wages rise sufficiently to keep aggregate exploitation approximately constant, the organic composition increases and the final rate falls. Strict aggregate conservation is computationally coherent and yields distinct transitional predictions under explicit closure and wage assumptions.
发表机构
- INSERM（法国国家健康与医学研究院）
- Aix-Marseille University（艾克斯-马赛大学）
- Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS UMR7196, INSERM U1154（法国国家自然历史博物馆）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
