发表机构
Beijing University of Chemical Technology; University of Science and Technology of China; Indiana University（北京化工大学; 中国科学技术大学; 印第安纳大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出MultiDismantler算法，利用多路网络表示和深度强化学习，在多层相互依赖网络上实现最优拆解，性能优于现有单层方法，并应用于疾病遏制和关键基础设施保护。
AI 中文摘要
识别移除后能使复杂网络分裂的最小节点集，即网络拆解问题，是一项高度非平凡的任务，在多个领域有应用。尽管过去十年中网络拆解已被广泛研究，但研究主要集中于单层网络的优化问题表述，忽略了众多（若非全部）真实网络展现出的多层相互依赖交互。在此类网络中，优化问题本质不同，因为移除节点的影响在层内和层间传播，其方式无法用单层视角预测。在此，我们提出一种名为MultiDismantler的拆解算法，该算法利用多路网络表示和深度强化学习来最优地拆解多层相互依赖网络。MultiDismantler在小型合成多路图上训练；当应用于大型真实和合成网络时，它展现出卓越的拆解性能，明显优于所有依赖单层方法进行网络拆解的现有方法。我们证明MultiDismantler在引导以多层社交交互为特征的社会网络中疾病遏制策略方面有效。此外，我们还表明MultiDismantler在设计旨在延缓相互依赖关键基础设施中连锁故障发生的协议方面具有实用性。
英文摘要
Identifying the minimal set of nodes whose removal breaks a complex network apart, also referred as the network dismantling problem, is a highly non-trivial task with applications in multiple domains. Whereas network dismantling has been extensively studied over the past decade, research has primarily focused on the formulations of the optimization problem for single-layer networks, neglecting that many, if not all, real networks display multiple layers of interdependent interactions. In such networks, the optimization problem is fundamentally different as the effect of removing nodes propagates within and across layers in a way that can not be predicted using a single-layer perspective. Here, we propose a dismantling algorithm named MultiDismantler, which leverages multiplex network representation and deep reinforcement learning to optimally dismantle multi-layer interdependent networks. MultiDismantler is trained on small synthetic multiplex graphs; when applied to large, real and synthetic networks, it displays exceptional dismantling performance, clearly outperforming all existing methods that rely on a single-layer approach to network dismantling. We show that MultiDismantler is effective in guiding strategies for the containment of diseases in social networks characterized by multiple layers of social interactions. Also, we show that MultiDismantler is useful in the design of protocols aimed at delaying the onset of cascading failures in interdependent critical infrastructures.
Comments32 pages including 16-page Supplementary Information; 5 main-text figures
Journal refNature Machine Intelligence 7, 1266-1277 (2025)
DOI：10.1038/s42256-025-01070-2
