发表机构
Sun Yat-sen University（中山大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究利用贝叶斯推断分析GW250114铃宕中的220×220模态，测量其振幅耦合系数，结果与数值相对论及二阶微扰理论一致，为检验非线性引力动力学奠定基础。
AI 中文摘要
探测黑洞铃宕中的二次准正则模态将为非线性引力动力学提供证据，而测量其性质则能够检验广义相对论的相应预言。具体而言，二阶黑洞微扰理论预言这些模态的振幅与其母线性模态振幅的乘积成比例，耦合系数取决于残余黑洞的自旋。这种特定模态的耦合系数尚未直接从引力波数据中测量得到。在此，我们利用贝叶斯推断对GW250114铃宕进行分析，该铃宕由220、221和220×220模态建模，以推断220×220模态的振幅耦合系数。推断得到的系数与数值相对论拟合及二阶微扰理论的预言一致；所有比较中偏差均未超过1.3σ。尽管当前数据无法区分这些依赖于自旋的预言，但这一测量为对黑洞铃宕中非线性引力动力学进行更严格的观测检验奠定了基础。
英文摘要
Detecting quadratic quasi-normal modes in black hole ringdowns would provide evidence for nonlinear gravitational dynamics, while measuring their properties would enable tests of the corresponding predictions of general relativity. Specifically, second-order black hole perturbation theory predicts that their amplitudes scale with the product of the amplitudes of their parent linear modes, with a coupling coefficient that depends on the spin of the remnant black hole. This mode-specific coupling coefficient has not yet been directly measured from gravitational wave data. Here, we use Bayesian inference on the GW250114 ringdown, modeled with the $220$, $221$, and $220\times220$ modes, to infer the amplitude-coupling coefficient of the $220\times220$ mode. The inferred coefficient is consistent with predictions from numerical relativity fits and second-order perturbation theory; no comparison shows a deviation exceeding $1.3 σ$. Although the current data cannot distinguish among these spin-dependent predictions, this measurement establishes a basis for more stringent observational tests of nonlinear gravitational dynamics in black-hole ringdowns.
Comments10 pages, 5 figures
