DETECT：利用DESI光谱红移实时识别瞬变源
DETECT: Real-Time Identification of Transients with DESI Spectroscopic Redshift
浏览论文内容
中文总结 AI 辅助
DETECT利用DESI光谱档案，通过交叉匹配和方向光半径规则，在一小时内为TNS瞬变源提供宿主红移，实现实时分类与后续观测排序，并成功识别出超亮超新星等特殊事件。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
宽视场巡天目前每月报告数千个瞬变源，而仅有其中百分之几获得光谱观测。我们提出DETECT（DESI-瞬变事件交叉匹配工具），这是一个流水线，通过将每个瞬变源命名服务器（TNS）警报置于暗能量光谱仪器（DESI）档案的背景下，在一小时内将其转化为一个包含距离信息的候选体。DETECT通过HEALPix索引将每个新报告与DESI EDR和DR1的2200万条光谱进行交叉匹配，通过方向光半径规则将瞬变源与宿主星系关联，该规则的形态相关阈值基于4474颗已知红移的超新星进行校准（完整度92.5%，错误宿主率0.4%），并将模糊案例通过网页界面传递给审查者。在获得验证的宿主红移后，它推导出每个事件的峰值绝对星等、投影偏移和基本宿主属性，并对其进行光谱后续观测排序。回溯应用于2020-2024年约1.2×10^5条TNS报告时，DETECT为其中15%恢复了光谱宿主，并由此构建了一个包含约5400条采样良好的光变曲线的黄金样本，其按类别划分的光度分布重现了非定向巡天的结果。由于在发现时即可得知绝对星等，本质上的超亮事件会立即脱颖而出：在2025年的前瞻性运行中，正是通过这种方式，透镜化的超亮超新星SN~2025wny在其报告后数小时内即被标记，且暗弱、快速衰减的千新星候选体得以对照模型网格和档案测光进行筛选。DETECT展示了档案光谱巡天如何使宿主红移成为瞬变源分类中的常规部分，先于鲁宾天文台的LSST。
英文摘要
Wide-field surveys now report thousands of transients per month, while spectra are obtained for only a few per cent of them. We present DETECT (DESI--Transient Event Cross-matching Tool), a pipeline that turns each Transient Name Server (TNS) alert into a distance-informed candidate within an hour by placing it in the context of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) archive. DETECT cross-matches every new report against the 22 million spectra of DESI EDR and DR1 through a HEALPix index, associates the transient with a host galaxy by a directional-light-radius rule whose morphology-dependent thresholds are calibrated on 4,474 supernovae with known redshifts (92.5% completeness, 0.4% wrong hosts), and passes ambiguous cases to a reviewer through a web interface. With a validated host redshift it derives the peak absolute magnitude, the projected offset and basic host properties of each event, and ranks it for spectroscopic follow-up. Applied retrospectively to ~1.2x10^5 TNS reports from 2020--2024, DETECT recovers a spectroscopic host for 15% of them, from these we build a Gold Sample of ~5,400 well-sampled light curves whose luminosity distributions by class reproduce those of untargeted surveys. Because the absolute magnitude is known at discovery, intrinsically overluminous events stand out immediately: in the prospective 2025 run this is how the lensed superluminous supernova SN~2025wny was flagged within hours of its report, and how faint, fast-declining kilonova candidates were screened against model grids and archival photometry. DETECT shows how an archival spectroscopic survey can make host redshifts a routine part of transient triage ahead of the Rubin Observatory's LSST.
发表机构
- National Central University（中央大学）
- Henan Academy of Sciences（河南省科学院）
- Central China Normal University（华中师范大学）
- Institute for Gravitational Wave Astronomy, Henan Academy of Sciences（河南省科学院引力波天文研究所）
- Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑工业大学）
- Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics（马克斯·普朗克天体物理学研究所）
- National Chengchi University（国立政治大学）
- University of Hawai‘i（夏威夷大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
