发表机构
Stanford University; Purdue University; Microsoft Quantum Lab West Lafayette; Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory（斯坦福大学; 普渡大学; 微软西拉法叶量子实验室; 斯坦福材料与能源科学研究所; SLAC国家加速器实验室）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究通过成像二维超导体中的相位刚度，发现量子涨落比热涨落更强地抑制超导性，并揭示反常金属态源于空间无序区域的相位滑移。
AI 中文摘要
二维超导体是热涨落和量子涨落的模型系统。关键问题依然存在：现有模型能否定量描述超导性的破坏，以及中间态的“反常金属态”是否代表一种新的物相。我们利用扫描磁化率直接成像局域相位刚度，这是超导序的热力学度量，在栅极可调的约瑟夫森结阵列中，即模型二维超导体。在广泛的载流子密度范围内，我们发现超导临界温度和相位刚度被抑制的程度比仅由热涨落预期的更强。在低载流子密度下，我们发现反常金属输运和大尺度空间不均匀性同时出现。这些结果表明，量子涨落抑制超导性，且反常金属行为源于空间无序区域中的相位滑移。
英文摘要
Two-dimensional superconductors are model systems for thermal and quantum fluctuations. Key questions persist: whether existing models quantitatively describe the destruction of superconductivity, and whether an intermediate "anomalous metal state" represents a new phase of matter. We use scanning magnetic susceptibility to directly image the local phase stiffness, a thermodynamic measure of superconducting order, in gate-tunable Josephson junction arrays, a model two-dimensional superconductor. Across a broad range of carrier densities, we find that the superconducting critical temperature and phase stiffness are suppressed more strongly than expected from thermal fluctuations alone. At low carrier densities, we find that anomalous metal transport and large-scale spatial inhomogeneity emerge together. These results indicate that quantum fluctuations suppress superconductivity and that anomalous metal behavior emerges from phase slips in spatially disordered regions.
