发表机构
Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier; CNRS UMR 5563; Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris; Universite de Paris; École Normale Supérieure; PSL Research University（图卢兹第三大学-保罗·萨巴蒂埃大学; 法国国家科学研究中心联合研究单位5563; 巴黎地球物理研究所; 巴黎大学; 巴黎高等师范学校; 巴黎文理研究大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
通过三维热-力学模拟，研究法国中央地块与德国艾菲尔火山区的火山起源，发现地壳厚度变化导致莫霍面附近局部化加热，结合地热异常可解释热流异常与局部熔融，为新生代火山作用提供新机制。
AI 中文摘要
法国中央地块和艾菲尔火山田分别是法国和德国境内两个神秘的地质特征。这两个地区都受到了新生代火山作用的影响，其起源至今仍有争议。利用最近发展的包含粘弹性-粘塑性行为的固体力学本构方程的三维数值地球动力学模拟，我们探索了一个新假说，以揭示局部化变形（非弹性）加热对局部化火山作用演化的贡献，认为该火山作用源于非洲-欧亚大陆汇聚产生的远场挤压应力。我们的模拟表明，地壳厚度的变化有助于在相对较厚地壳的莫霍面附近局部化非弹性应变，从而导致加热增强。地壳脆-韧性转变上方的局部化粘塑性变形还形成了共轭变形带，导致地形发生局部化变化，这些变化可与现今地形进行对比。从模拟中得出的首要图景显示，高地形与局部化变形的构造结构与地热异常相关联，该地热异常足以解释升高的热流，并可能在莫霍面下方的含水或含二氧化碳地幔中形成潜在的局部熔融区。
英文摘要
The French Massif Central and the Eifel Volcanic Field represent two of the enigmatic features in France and Germany, respectively. Both areas have been affected by Cenozoic volcanism whose origin is still debated. Using 3-D numerical geodynamic modelling of recently developed solid-mechanical constitutive laws including viscoelastic-viscoplastic behaviour, we explored a new hypothesis to highlight the contribution of localised deformational (inelastic) heating towards the evolution of localised volcanism as being due to far-field-induced compressive stresses from the Africa-Eurasia convergence. Our simulations show that variations in crustal thicknesses can help localise inelastic strain near the Moho of relatively thicker crust, which leads to enhanced heating. Localised viscoplastic deformation above the brittle-ductile transition in the crust also formed conjugate deformation bands, resulting in localised changes in the topography which can be compared to present-day topography. The first-order picture that emerges from our simulations shows an association of elevated topography and tectonic structures that localise deformation, with a geothermal anomaly sufficient to explain the elevated heat flow and cause a potential localised zone for partial melting in hydrated or CO\textsubscript{2}-bearing mantle below the Moho.
