发表机构
Future Technology Research Center, China Telecom Research Institute; School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications; Cloud Network Operating System R&D Center, China Telecom; School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton（中国电信研究院未来技术研究中心; 北京邮电大学信息与通信工程学院; 中国电信云网操作系统研发中心; 南安普顿大学电子与计算机科学学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出一种海况感知的随机几何框架，通过瑞利粗糙度准则建模海面反射，揭示海上网络性能随粗糙度非单调转变的机制，并推导出上行覆盖概率表达式。
AI 中文摘要
海上无线网络的解析研究通常假设海面为确定性的平滑表面，这使得现实海洋条件如何重塑网络级可靠性仍不明确。与海面粗糙度总是恶化传播的传统直觉不同，本工作揭示了由干扰零点缓解与相干反射损耗之间的竞争所导致的海况引起的非单调性能转变。本文通过将海面粗糙度纳入传播建模，为海上网络开发了一个基于物理的、海况感知的随机几何框架。具体而言，我们基于经典瑞利粗糙度准则推导了有效反射系数，其中显著波高明确表征了由表面粗糙度引起的相干镜面反射分量的衰减。通过将所提出的信道模型整合到随机几何框架中，我们推导了不同海况下上行链路覆盖概率的易处理表达式。我们的分析揭示了在所考虑的传播模型下海面粗糙度对网络性能的非单调影响：中等粗糙度可以通过缓解破坏性干扰零点来改善以可靠性为导向的覆盖，而更强的粗糙度则会衰减相干反射能量并降低高信干噪比性能。测量比较支持了所涉及的粗糙度敏感反射机制，而粗糙海况下的甚高频结果被解释为波长特定的模型预测，而非直接的实证验证。
英文摘要
Analytical studies of maritime wireless networks commonly assume a deterministic smooth sea surface, leaving unclear how realistic ocean conditions reshape network-level reliability. Unlike conventional intuition that sea roughness always deteriorates propagation, this work reveals a non-monotonic sea-state-induced performance transition caused by the competition between interference-null mitigation and coherent reflection loss. This paper develops a physically grounded, sea-state-aware stochastic geometry framework for maritime networks by incorporating sea surface roughness into propagation modeling. Specifically, we derive an effective reflection coefficient based on the classical Rayleigh roughness criterion, where the significant wave height explicitly characterizes the attenuation of the coherent specular reflection component caused by surface roughness. By integrating the proposed channel model into a stochastic geometry framework, we derive tractable expressions for uplink coverage probability under different sea states. Our analysis reveals a non-monotonic impact of sea roughness on network performance under the considered propagation model: moderate roughness can improve reliability-oriented coverage by mitigating destructive interference nulls, whereas stronger roughness attenuates coherent reflected energy and degrades high-SINR performance. Measurement comparisons support the underlying roughness-sensitive reflection mechanism, while rough-sea VHF results are interpreted as wavelength-specific model predictions rather than direct empirical validation.
Comments6 pages, 4 figures
