探索LHC上$^{16}$O+$^{16}$O碰撞中的短程关联
Exploring the short-range correlations in $^{16}$O+$^{16}$O collisions at the LHC
- School of Physics, Peking University（北京大学物理学院）
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology（大连理工大学物理学院）
- Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University（北京大学高能物理中心）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
本研究利用iEBE-VISHNU混合模型和VMC生成的核子构型，探索LHC上$^{16}$O+$^{16}$O碰撞中短程关联对椭圆流和平均横动量关联的影响，发现强排斥芯使初始几何更均匀，为核力短程结构提供新探针。
AI中文摘要：
短程关联（SRCs）在短距离上主导核力，包括排斥芯和中间程吸引，是核子-核子（NN）相互作用中最引人入胜的方面之一。在本工作中，我们利用带有{T\raisebox{-0.5ex}{R}ENTo}初始条件的iEBE-VISHNU混合模型，研究了在$\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.36$~TeV的$^{16}$O+$^{16}$O碰撞中SRCs对末态可观测量（final-state observables）的影响。我们在初始阶段嵌入了由变分蒙特卡洛（VMC）模拟生成的、包含真实SRCs的$^{16}$O核子构型，同时使用无关联的VMC样本以及实现硬排斥芯或短程吸引的Woods--Saxon分布作为对比运行。我们发现，SRCs在最中心碰撞中同时降低了$v_2\{2\}$和$v_2\{4\}$，其中$v_2\{4\}$的下降更为显著，这归因于逐事件流涨落。同时，SRCs显著增强了椭圆流与平均横动量之间的关联$ρ_2(v_2^2,[p_T])$。这些效应主要归因于SRCs的强排斥芯，它抑制了在短相对距离处找到核子对的概率，并使初始几何更加均匀。这一解释得到了基于带硬排斥芯的Woods--Saxon分布的计算支持，这些计算重现了类似结果，而纯中间程吸引的贡献则可忽略。我们的结果表明，相对论性核碰撞提供了超越传统低能核实验的核力短程结构的互补探针。
英文摘要：
Short-range correlations (SRCs) dominate the nuclear force at short distances, including the repulsive core and intermediate-range attraction, and are one of the most fascinating aspects of the nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction. In this work, we investigate the effects of SRCs on the final-state observables in $^{16}$O+$^{16}$O collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.36$~TeV, using the iEBE-VISHNU hybrid model with {T\raisebox{-0.5ex}{R}ENTo} initial conditions. We embed the nucleon configurations of $^{16}$O generated from variational Monte Carlo (VMC) simulations with realistic SRCs in the initial stage, along with uncorrelated VMC samples and Woods--Saxon distributions implementing a hard repulsive core or short-range attraction as comparison runs. We find that SRCs reduce both $v_2\{2\}$ and $v_2\{4\}$ in the most central collisions, with the decrease of $v_2\{4\}$ being more pronounced due to the event-by-event flow fluctuations. Meanwhile, SRCs noticeably enhance the correlation between the elliptic flow and the mean transverse momentum, $ρ_2(v_2^2,[p_T])$. These effects are mainly attributed to the strong repulsive core of the SRCs, which suppresses the probability of finding nucleon pairs at short relative distances and renders the initial geometry more uniform. This interpretation is supported by the calculations based on Woods--Saxon distributions with a hard repulsive core, which reproduce similar results, while the contribution from a pure intermediate-range attraction is negligible. Our results demonstrate that relativistic nuclear collisions provide a complementary probe of the short-range structure of the nuclear force, beyond the traditional nuclear experiments at low energies.
