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arXiv 2609.27548math.NAcs.NA

通过残差最小化实现稳定时间步进:瞬态抛物问题的有限元与神经网络逼近

Stable time-stepping via residual minimization: finite-element and neural-network approximations for transient parabolic problems

  • The University of the Basque Country (EHU)(巴斯克大学)
  • IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science(伊卡巴斯基奎科学基金会)
  • Monash University(莫纳什大学)

机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。

Judit Muñoz-Matute, Sergio Rojas

中文总结 AI 辅助

本文提出一种基于残差最小化的时间步进框架,用于瞬态抛物问题,统一支持有限元与神经网络逼近,并通过稳定性估计和残差分解保证可靠性,数值实验验证了收敛性与自适应细化效果。

中文摘要 AI 辅助

我们提出了一种针对瞬态强制变分问题的时间步进最小残差(MinRes)框架,适用于有限元和神经网络试验逼近。对于向后欧拉格式,我们在每个时间层上,以稳态试验空间范数(按时间步长缩放)所诱导的对偶范数来度量残差。这一选择产生了稳定性估计,可控制离散抛物能量量,直至时间离散缺陷。我们发展了协调和破碎试验公式,并将分析专门应用于扩散-对流-反应问题。对于有限维试验空间,我们通过将可计算的离散残差与一个补充贡献相结合,推导出完全离散的可靠性估计,该补充贡献考虑了试验空间无法解析的残差分量。随后,我们将该框架扩展到神经网络试验类别,并为协调和破碎多项式试验空间获得可计算的残差分解。数值实验证实了预期的有限元收敛速率,考察了试验空间细化对全局时空神经网络逼近的影响,并展示了针对具有移动局部特征的瞬态问题的残差驱动空间细化。

英文摘要

We propose a time-stepping minimum-residual (MinRes) framework for transient coercive variational problems, applicable to finite-element and neural-network trial approximations. For the Backward Euler scheme, we measure the residual at each time level in the dual norm induced by the steady test-space norm, scaled by the time step. This choice yields stability estimates controlling a discrete parabolic energy quantity, up to the time-discretization defect. We develop conforming and broken-test formulations and specialize the analysis to diffusion-advection-reaction problems. For finite-dimensional test spaces, we derive fully discrete reliability estimates by supplementing the computable discrete residual with a complementary contribution that accounts for residual components the test space does not resolve. We then extend the framework to neural-network trial classes and obtain computable residual decompositions for conforming and broken polynomial test spaces. Numerical experiments confirm the expected finite-element convergence rates, examine the effect of test-space refinement for a global space-time neural approximation, and demonstrate residual-driven spatial refinement for a transient problem with a moving localized feature.

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