EP260119a：一个高红移伽马射线宁静快速X射线暂现源，探测相对论性爆炸的潜在隐藏族群
EP260119a: A High-Redshift Gamma-Ray Quiet Fast X-ray Transient Probing a Potentially Hidden Population of Relativistic Explosions
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文报道了爱因斯坦探针发现的高红移（z=5.47）伽马射线宁静快速X射线暂现源EP260119a，其多波段余辉符合标准相对论喷流模型，表明软X射线巡天可揭示未被伽马射线仪器探测到的早期宇宙相对论性爆炸。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
伽马射线宁静的快速X射线暂现源（FXTs）为研究规避传统伽马射线触发的相对论性爆炸提供了新途径。本文中，我们展示了EP260119a的多波段观测与分析，该源是爱因斯坦探针（Einstein Probe）/WXT探测到的高红移FXT，并利用COLIBRÍ、利物浦望远镜及其他设备进行了后续观测。光谱观测得出红移z = 5.47，使EP260119a成为爱因斯坦探针迄今探测到的最遥远FXT。尽管其X射线和光学辐射明亮，但在同期覆盖下，SVOM/ECLAIRs、SVOM/GRM、Swift/BAT或Konus/Wind均未探测到对应的瞬时伽马射线。宽带余辉很好地符合均匀相对论喷流在接近恒定密度极限的浅分层外部介质中传播所产生的同步辐射，表明尽管未探测到伽马射线，这仍是一次标准的相对论性爆炸。EP260119a位于不断增长的爱因斯坦探针FXT样本的极端高红移端，支持了软X射线巡天可能揭示当前伽马射线仪器未探测到的相对论性暂现源的可能性。我们的结果表明，早期宇宙中的某些爆炸逃脱了常规伽马射线巡天的探测，并展示了将灵敏的软X射线发现与快速光学后续观测相结合，以获得更完整的高红移暂现源族群图景的价值。
英文摘要
Gamma-ray quiet fast X-ray transients (FXTs) provide a new approach for studying relativistic explosions that evade traditional gamma-ray triggers. In this work, we present multi-wavelength observations and analysis of EP260119a, a high-$z$ FXT detected by Einstein Probe/WXT and followed up with COLIBRÍ, the Liverpool Telescope, and other facilities. Spectroscopy yields a redshift of $z = 5.47$, making EP260119a the most distant FXT detected by Einstein Probe to date. Despite its luminous X-ray and optical emission, no prompt gamma-ray counterpart was detected by SVOM/ECLAIRs, SVOM/GRM, Swift/BAT, or Konus/Wind, despite contemporaneous coverage. The broadband afterglow is well described by synchrotron emission from a uniform relativistic jet propagating into a shallowly stratified external medium close to the constant-density limit, indicating a standard relativistic explosion despite the absence of detectable gamma rays. Occupying the extreme high-$z$ end of the growing Einstein Probe FXT sample, EP260119a supports the possibility that soft X-ray surveys are uncovering relativistic transients that remain undetected by current gamma-ray instruments. Our results indicate that some explosions in the early Universe escape conventional gamma-ray surveys and demonstrate the value of combining sensitive soft X-ray discovery with rapid optical follow-up to obtain a more complete view of the high-$z$ transient population.
发表机构
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México（墨西哥国立自治大学）
- Universitat de València（瓦伦西亚大学）
- Aix Marseille Univ.（艾克斯-马赛大学）
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院高能物理研究所）
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