主特征值的切换猜想渐近成立
The switching conjecture for main eigenvalues is asymptotically true
AI总结:
本文证明符号图主特征值切换猜想的两个渐近版本:对任意n阶图,存在切换使主特征值数接近n;对具有d个互异特征值的图,存在切换使主特征值数接近d。
AI中文摘要:
符号图的一个特征值被称为主特征值,如果存在一个对应的特征向量与全一向量不正交。O'Rourke 和 Touri(2016)的一个重要结果表明,几乎所有(无符号)图的所有特征值都是主特征值。Akbari、França、Ghasemian、Javarsineh 和 de Lima(2021)考虑了符号图的主特征值,并猜想:对于任意无符号连通图 $G \notin\{ K_2, K_4 - e\}$,存在一个切换 $\mathbf{s}$,使得符号图 $G^{\mathbf{s}}$ 的所有特征值都是主特征值。我们证明了该猜想的两个不可比较的渐近版本。我们证明:对于任意阶为 $n$ 的图 $G$,存在一个切换 $\mathbf{s}\in\{\pm1\}^n$,使得 $G^{\mathbf{s}}$ 有 $n - O\\!\left(\frac{n}{(\log n)^{1/4}}\right)$ 个主特征值(按重数计)。利用类似的证明策略,我们还证明:如果 $G$ 有 $d$ 个互异特征值,则存在一个切换 $\mathbf{s}\in\{\pm1\}^n$,使得 $G^{\mathbf{s}}$ 有 $d - O\\!\left(\frac{d}{(\log d)^{1/4}}\right)$ 个主特征值。
英文摘要:
An eigenvalue of a signed graph is called \emph{main} if there exists a corresponding eigenvector non-orthogonal to the all-ones vector. An important result of O'Rourke and Touri (2016) states that almost all (unsigned) graphs have all main eigenvalues. Akbari, França, Ghasemian, Javarsineh, and de Lima (2021) considered main eigenvalues of signed graphs and conjectured that for any unsigned connected graph $G \notin\{ K_2, K_4 - e\}$, there is a switching $\mathbf{s}$ such that all eigenvalues of the signed graph $G^{\mathbf{s}}$ are main. We prove two incomparable asymptotic versions of this conjecture. We show that for any graph $G$ of order $n$, there exists a switching $\mathbf{s}\in\{\pm1\}^n$ such that $G^{\mathbf{s}}$ has $n - O\!\left(\frac{n}{(\log n)^{1/4}}\right)$ main eigenvalues counted with multiplicity. Using a similar proof strategy, we also show that if $G$ has $d$ distinct eigenvalues, then there exists a switching $\mathbf{s}\in\{\pm1\}^n$ such that $G^{\mathbf{s}}$ has $d - O\!\left(\frac{d}{(\log d)^{1/4}}\right)$ main eigenvalues.