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arXiv 2609.26946quant-phphysics.atom-ph

存在可区分性时的单片量子纠错

Monolithic Quantum Error Correction in the Presence of Distinguishability

  • Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland(量子信息与计算机科学联合中心,美国国家标准与技术研究院/马里兰大学)
  • Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles(加州大学洛杉矶分校物理与天文学系量子科学与工程中心)
  • Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles(加州大学洛杉矶分校物理与天文学系)
  • Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland(美国国家标准与技术研究院/马里兰大学联合量子研究所)

机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。

Shubham P. Jain, Eric R. Hudson, Wesley C. Campbell, Alexey V. Gorshkov, Victor V. Albert

中文总结 AI 辅助

本研究通过解析模型揭示错误可区分性降低量子纠错保真度,并提出快速综合征检查可抑制其累积,恢复接近完美纠错性能。

中文摘要 AI 辅助

量子纠错码要求环境无法区分作用于不同码字上的相关错误过程。在实践中,残余的塞曼、斯塔克或非谐相互作用会移动底层态,使得错误变得可区分,从而削弱完美恢复的条件。我们通过一个可解析求解的四能级模型和针对原子与分子的典型自发辐射噪声模型研究了这一效应。可区分性提高了噪声通道的有效Kraus秩,降低了恢复保真度,并设定了一个运行检查时间,该时间随着发射光子之间的频率间隔增大而缩短。我们发现,快速综合征检查抑制了可区分性的累积,并量化了需要多快的检查速度才能恢复接近完美的恢复。因此,错误可区分性是单片纠错的一个实际限制,我们的分析确定了快速综合征提取是缓解这一问题的途径。

英文摘要

Quantum error-correcting codes require that the environment cannot distinguish relevant error processes acting on different codewords. In practice, residual Zeeman, Stark, or anharmonic interactions shift the underlying states, making errors distinguishable and weakening the conditions for perfect recovery. We study this effect with an analytically solvable four-level model and a canonical spontaneous-emission noise model for atoms and molecules. Distinguishability raises the effective Kraus rank of the noise channel, lowers the recovered fidelity, and sets an operational checking time that shortens as the frequency separation between the emitted photons increases. We find that rapid syndrome checking suppresses the buildup of distinguishability and quantify how fast one needs to check to restore near-perfect recovery. Error distinguishability is thus a practical limitation of monolithic error correction, and our analysis identifies fast syndrome extraction as a route to mitigating it.

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