发表机构
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias; Universidad de La Laguna; NASA Ames Research Center; Universidad de Cordoba; Université PSL, Observatoire de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, LERMA; Université Paris-Cité; Universidad de Valladolid; Laboratory for Disruptive Interdisciplinary Science (LaDIS); Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa（加那利天体物理学研究所; 拉帕鲁纳大学; 美国宇航局艾姆斯研究中心; 科尔多瓦大学; 巴黎文理研究大学、巴黎天文台、索邦大学、法国国家科学研究中心、LERMA; 巴黎西岱大学; 巴利亚多利德大学; 颠覆性跨学科科学实验室; 里斯本大学理学院空间天体物理与科学研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
利用Euclid Q1数据中8748个盘状星系，开发自动流水线提取并分类表面亮度轮廓断裂类型，首次在5 Gyr内统计稳健地测量了断裂类型演化，支持长期演化过程随星系成熟取代环境影响的图景。
AI 中文摘要
盘状星系径向表面亮度轮廓斜率的变化，即盘断裂，编码了关于驱动盘形成与增长过程的宝贵信息。迄今为止，由于所需的分辨率和深度，对断裂类型的统计研究主要局限于本地宇宙。我们旨在利用Euclid卓越的深度和分辨率，研究红移z=1范围内大型且具有统计代表性的星系样本中盘断裂的结构性质和红移演化。我们开发了一条自动流水线，用于提取和分析从Euclid Q1数据集中选出的8748个盘状星系的表面亮度轮廓。该流水线包括先进的掩膜处理、表面亮度轮廓提取、综合测光和结构参数测量，以及分段建模，以将星系分类为I型（纯指数）、II型（向下弯曲）、III型（向上弯曲）和复合断裂（如II+III型、II+II型等）轮廓。我们量化了尺度长度、断裂半径和表面亮度水平等结构参数，并分析了它们的分布和红移依赖性。我们的自动方法能生成可靠的掩膜和深表面亮度轮廓，并以估计70%的准确率对星系轮廓进行分类。利用一个包含4385个具有可靠分类的星系子样本，我们发现最常见的轮廓类型是II型、II+III型、I型和III型。我们发现盘断裂比例随时间发生了显著演化。II型轮廓在低红移时占主导地位（50%），而III型和II+III型轮廓的频率随回溯时间增加，在z~1时各达到30%。我们的研究首次提供了对盘断裂类型在5 Gyr内演化的统计上稳健的测量。观测到的趋势支持一种情景，即随着星系成熟，长期演化过程取代了环境影响。
英文摘要
Changes in the slope of the radial surface brightness profiles of disc galaxies, or disc breaks, encode valuable information about the processes driving disc formation and growth. Until now, due to the resolution and depth required, statistical studies of break types have been limited mostly to the local Universe. We aim to study the structural properties and redshift evolution of disc breaks in a large and statistically representative sample of galaxies out to redshift z=1 using the superb depth and resolution of Euclid. We develop an automatic pipeline to extract and analyse surface brightness profiles of 8748 disc galaxies selected from the Euclid Q1 dataset. The pipeline includes advanced masking, surface brightness profile extraction, integrated photometry and structural parameter measurements, and piecewise modelling to classify galaxies into Types I (pure exponential), Type II (down-bending), Type III (up-bending), and composite break (e.g., Type~II+III, Type~II+II, etc) profiles. We quantify structural parameters such as scale lengths, break radii, and surface brightness levels, and analyse their distributions and redshift dependence. Our automatic method produces reliable masks and deep surface brightness profiles, and classifies galaxy profiles with an estimated accuracy of 70%. Using a subsample of 4385 galaxies with reliable classifications, we find that the most common profiles are Types II, II+III, I, and III. We find substantial evolution in the fraction of disc breaks with time. Type II profiles dominate at low redshift (50%), while Types III and II+III profiles increase in frequency with lookback time, reaching 30% each at z~1. Our study provides the first statistically robust measurement of the evolution of disc break types over 5 Gyr. The observed trends support a scenario in which secular processes replace environmental influences as galaxies mature.
Comments15+9 pages, 7+5 figures, submitted to A&A
