近视儿童接受角膜塑形镜或离焦镜片治疗后的纵向视网膜血管重塑：一项为期两年的比较研究

中文摘要 AI 辅助

目的：描述接受角膜塑形镜（OK）或多焦点离焦镜片（Defocus）治疗的近视儿童的纵向视网膜血管变化，并探讨其与眼轴伸长的关联。方法：在这项回顾性队列研究中，43名近视儿童在基线、12个月和24个月时接受了全面的临床检查和眼底照相。在基线、6、12和24个月时记录眼轴长度（AL）和等效球镜屈光度（SER）。采用自动分割模型提取血管参数，包括主血管角度（MA）、分支角度（BA）、分叉边缘角度（BEA）、交叉点（COP）和末端血管计数（TVC）。采用重复测量方差分析评估时间变化，采用Pearson或Spearman相关分析评估AL与血管指标之间的关联。结果：在24个月内，OK组的眼轴伸长速度显著慢于Defocus组（0.214毫米对比0.522毫米，p<0.01）。在OK组中，MA和BA适度下降，动脉中的BEA逐渐下降，但COP和TVC保持相对稳定。Defocus组表现出更明显的MA和BA下降、BEA增加以及COP和TVC的显著减少（p<0.05）。相关分析显示，在所有时间点，Defocus组的AL与血管参数（尤其是COP和TVC）之间的关联更强，而OK组中仅BA和BEA与AL相关。结论：与Defocus镜片相比，OK镜片减缓了眼轴伸长并诱导了较轻的视网膜血管重塑。两种干预措施之间观察到血管指标变化的不同时间模式，且这些变化与眼轴生长呈差异性相关。

英文摘要

Purposes: To characterize longitudinal retinal vascular changes in myopic children treated with orthokeratology (OK) or multifocal defocus lenses (Defocus) and to examine their association with axial elongation. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 43 myopic children underwent comprehensive clinical examination and fundus photography at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months. Axial length (AL) and spherical equivalent refraction (SER) were recorded at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months. An automated segmentation model extracted vascular parameters, main vessel angle (MA), branching angle (BA), bifurcation edge angle (BEA), crossover point (COP), and terminal vessel count (TVC). Repeated-measures ANOVA assessed temporal changes. Pearson or Spearman correlations evaluated associations between AL and vascular metrics. Results: Over 24 months, the OK group exhibited significantly slower axial elongation than the Defocus group (0.214 mm and 0.522 mm, p < 0.01). In the OK group, MA and BA decreased modestly, BEA in arteries declined gradually, but COP and TVC remained relatively stable. The Defocus group demonstrated more pronounced decreases in MA and BA, an increase in BEA, and significant reductions in COP and TVC (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed stronger associations between AL and vascular parameters, especially COP and TVC, in the Defocus group at all time points, whereas only BA and BEA correlated with AL in the OK group. Conclusions: OK lenses mitigate axial elongation and induce milder retinal vascular remodeling compared to Defocus lenses. Distinct temporal patterns of vascular metrics changes were observed between the two interventions, and correlate differentially with axial growth.

发表机构

• Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University（同济大学医学院同济医院）
• TUM University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München（慕尼黑工业大学伊萨尔河右岸大学医院）
• Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University（同济大学医学院杨浦医院）
• Shanghai Demu Youmei Ophthalmology Outpatient Department Co., Ltd.（上海德目优视眼科门诊有限公司）
• Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University（中山大学中山眼科中心）
• University of Alberta（阿尔伯塔大学）

机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。