发表机构
Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University; Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute; Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University; Courant Institute, New York University（普林斯顿大学刘易斯-席格勒整合基因组学研究所; Flatiron研究所计算生物学中心; 普林斯顿大学生物分子系; 纽约大学库朗数学科学研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究观察果蝇卵母细胞流动中微管床的相干行波，通过模拟揭示其增强输运与混合的功能。
AI 中文摘要
细胞质流动被认为对大型发育细胞（如卵母细胞）至关重要，其中流动为细胞组分的输运和混合提供了比分子扩散更快的途径。已知携带货物在细胞骨架元件上移动的分子马达驱动多种生物系统中的流动，在果蝇卵母细胞中，跨越细胞的涡旋流动与在致密微管床上移动的驱动蛋白马达相关。最近的理论和模拟表明，这种流动通过微管、马达和流动的相互作用自组织形成。这些理论推导的流动是否足以完成输运和混合的任务尚不清楚。在此，我们报告了在流动过程中微管床中持续传播的相干波的新观察，并研究了它们对流体输运和混合的影响。利用模拟细胞环境复杂流固耦合问题的最新进展，我们探究了设置在卵母细胞几何结构中的生物物理模型。我们的模拟识别出先前未知的行波状态，这些状态与我们的实验观察一致，并具有功能性输运和混合的能力。
英文摘要
Cytoplasmic streaming is believed crucial to large developing cells, such as oocytes, where flow provides a much faster route to transport and mixing of cellular components than molecular diffusion. Molecular motors carrying cargoes on cytoskeletal elements are known to drive streaming in a variety of biological systems and, in Drosophila oocytes, cell-spanning vortical flows are tied to kinesin motors moving on dense beds of microtubules. Recent theories and simulations suggest such streaming self-organizes through interacting microtubules, motors, and flow. Whether these theoretically derived flows are adequate to the tasks of transport and mixing has been unclear. Here we report on new observations of coherent waves traveling persistently through microtubule beds during streaming, and investigate their impact on fluid transport and mixing. Leveraging recent advances in simulating the complex fluid-structure problems of cellular environments, we probe a biophysical model set in an oocytal geometry. Our simulations identify previously unknown waving states that show concordance with our experimental observation and the capacity for functional transport and mixing.
CommentsTotal 25 pages: 12 pages main text, 5 figures main text, SI: 12 movies, 4 figures
