发表机构
Zhejiang University of Technology; University of Science and Technology of China; Zhejiang University of Science and Technology（浙江工业大学; 中国科学技术大学; 浙江科技学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出预选择编码弱值放大（PeWVA）方法，通过将测量量编码进探针偏振并分离传感与读出，在探测器受限条件下减少杂散光和相位噪声影响，实验证明可提升光学旋转计量性能。
AI 中文摘要
光学旋转测量受益于增加探测光子数，但其性能常受限于探测器饱和及光学读出中的技术噪声。本文提出预选择编码弱值放大（PeWVA），将待测量在下游弱值干涉仪之前编码到探针偏振中。该架构将传感相互作用与后选择读出分离，实现可调谐的局部放大，同时减少传递到探测器的光功率。我们表明，PeWVA不产生额外的Fisher信息，但在探测器动态范围受限时提供实际优势。我们进一步分析了相干杂散光和相位波动，并展示了这些扰动向等效旋转误差转换的减少。使用$^{87}$Rb $M_x$原子磁力计，我们在探测器受限条件下，使用跨阻放大和雪崩光电二极管，实验证明了磁场读数的显著改善。实验还证实了对蒸气室引起的杂散光和干涉仪相位调制的敏感性降低。这些结果确立了PeWVA作为一种探测器受限的光学读出策略，对代表性干涉扰动具有增强的容忍度。
英文摘要
Optical-rotation measurements benefit from increasing probe photon number, but their performance is often limited by detector saturation and technical noise in the optical readout. Here we introduce preselection-encoded weak-value amplification (PeWVA), in which the quantity of interest is encoded into the probe polarization before a downstream weak-value interferometer. This architecture separates the sensing interaction from the postselected readout, enabling tunable local amplification while reducing the optical power delivered to the detector. We show that PeWVA does not create additional Fisher information, but offers a practical advantage when detector dynamic range is limiting. We further analyze coherent stray light and phase fluctuations and show reduced conversion of these perturbations into equivalent rotation errors. Using an $^{87}$Rb $M_x$ atomic magnetometer, we experimentally demonstrate substantially improved magnetic-field readout under detector-constrained conditions using both transimpedance-amplified and avalanche photodiodes. The experiments also confirm reduced susceptibility to vapor-cell-induced stray light and interferometer phase modulation. These results establish PeWVA as a detector-constrained optical readout strategy with enhanced tolerance to representative interferometric perturbations.
