发表机构
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, College of Sciences, Institute of Physical Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw（华沙卡罗尔·斯特凡·维希尼茨基大学理学院自然科学系物理科学研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究证明在最低朗道能级近似下，双模干涉可在薛定谔和泡利系统中产生量子回流，且外磁场可作为可调参数，通过轨道失配与自旋进动共振增强回流，确立其为可观测的干涉现象。
AI 中文摘要
在最低朗道能级近似下，研究了均匀磁场中带电自旋-1/2粒子的概率回流现象。虽然单模朗道态仅表现出微弱且不稳健的回流，但研究表明，在薛定谔和泡利两种表述中，双模干涉均会产生负的概率通量。在泡利情形下，概率流中的轨道贡献和自旋贡献被明确分离，揭示了一种额外的干涉机制。研究发现，外磁场可作为一个可调的控制参数，同时控制轨道的空间重叠和自旋动力学。在双模区域，轨道失配与自旋进动之间的共振导致回流增强。结果表明，在现实的空间粗粒化条件下，有限的空间分辨率不会抑制该效应。这些结果确立了朗道系统中磁场控制的量子回流作为一种可观测的干涉现象。
英文摘要
Probability backflow is investigated for charged spin-$1/2$ particles in a uniform magnetic field within the lowest-Landau-level approximation. While single-mode Landau states exhibit only weak and non-robust backflow, it is shown that two-mode interference gives rise to negative probability flux in both the Schrödinger and Pauli formulations. In the Pauli case, orbital and spin contributions to the probability current are explicitly separated, revealing an additional interference mechanism. The external magnetic field is found to act as a tunable control parameter, simultaneously controlling the spatial overlap of orbitals and the spin dynamics. In the two-mode regime, a resonance between orbital mismatch and spin precession leads to an enhancement of backflow. Finite spatial resolution is shown not to suppress the effect within realistic coarse-graining. These results establish magnetic-field-controlled quantum backflow in Landau systems as an accessible interference phenomenon.
Journal refPhys. Rev. A 114, 032216(2026)
