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动力学、热学与基态多参数量子计量学:基本极限及其在磁强测量中的可达性

Dynamical, thermal, and ground-state multiparameter quantum metrology: Fundamental limits and their attainability in magnetometry

Riccardo Pedroni, Víctor Izquierdo, Advay Burte, Paolo Abiuso, John Calsamiglia, Martí Perarnau-Llobet

arXiv 2609.25977首次发表:更新:

发表机构

Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Università di Bologna; BITS Pilani KK Birla Goa Campus; Harish-Chandra Research Institute; Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information - IQOQI Vienna, Austrian Academy of Sciences(巴塞罗那自治大学; 博洛尼亚大学; 比拉印度理工学院果阿校区; 哈里什-钱德拉研究所; 奥地利科学院维也纳量子光学与量子信息研究所)

机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。

AI 中文总结

该研究针对多参数量子计量学,在动力学、热学和基态三种框架下推广了单参数估计界限,并确定了矢量磁强测量中磁场分量联合估计的紧致界限及最优多体控制哈密顿量,确立了其基本极限。

AI 中文摘要

我们考虑形式为 $H_{\vec{\theta}}= H_{\vec{\theta}}^P + H^C$ 的哈密顿量中多个参数的联合估计,其中 $H_{\vec{\theta}}^P$ 编码未知参数,$H^C$ 为控制项。我们研究计量学的三个基本范式框架:(i)动力学,其中参数通过幺正演化编码;(ii)热学;(iii)基态。我们将先前针对单参数估计的界限推广到所有三种计量学设置中的联合多参数估计,并确立其可饱和性所需的条件。随后,我们聚焦于矢量磁强测量,推导磁场分量联合估计的紧致界限,并识别能够饱和这些界限的最优多体控制哈密顿量 $H^C$。这些结果确立了幺正动力学、热平衡态和基态下矢量磁强测量的基本极限。

英文摘要

We consider the simultaneous estimation of multiple parameters in Hamiltonians of the form $H_{\vecθ}= H_{\vecθ}^P + H^C$, where $H_{\vecθ}^P$ encodes the unknown parameters and $H^C$ is a control term. We consider three basic paradigmatic frameworks for metrology: (i) dynamical, where the parameters are encoded unitarily, (ii) thermal, and (iii) ground state. We generalize previous bounds for single-parameter estimation to simultaneous multiparameter estimation for all three metrological settings and establish the conditions required for their saturability. We then focus on vector magnetometry, deriving tight bounds for the simultaneous estimation of magnetic-field components and identifying optimal many-body control Hamiltonians $H^C$ that saturate them. These results establish the fundamental limits of vector magnetometry for unitary dynamics, thermal equilibrium states, and ground states.

论文原文

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