通信信道的热力学效率

中文摘要 AI 辅助

我们识别出一类广泛的通信信道，它捕捉了人工和自然系统中常见的物理约束，并推导了其热力学成本的界限。我们发现，每次信道使用的熵产生以下界于输入-输出互信息，它们的比值——互信息除以熵产生——定义了热力学效率。与以往关于能量受限通信信道的研究不同，我们的分析表明，热力学成本不仅必须分配给输入符号本身，还必须分配给连续符号之间的转换。因此，最大化热力学效率倾向于偏向性的输入，这种输入仅偶尔切换，而非达到信道容量的输入。对于二元对称信道，这种偏好通过一种音叉分岔出现，该分岔自发地破坏了信道的对称性。一个细胞传感的最小模型也表现出相同的现象。

英文摘要

We identify a broad class of communication channels that captures common physical constraints in both artificial and natural systems and derive bounds on their thermodynamic cost. We find that the entropy production per channel use is bounded from below by the input-output mutual information, and their ratio -mutual information divided by entropy production- defines the thermodynamic efficiency. Unlike previous studies of energy-constrained communication channels, our analysis shows that thermodynamic costs must be assigned not only to the input symbols themselves, but also to transitions between successive symbols. As a result, maximizing thermodynamic efficiency favors a biased input that switches only rarely, rather than the capacity-achieving input. For the binary symmetric channel, this preference emerges through a pitchfork bifurcation that spontaneously breaks the symmetry of the channel. A minimal model of cellular sensing exhibits the same phenomenon.

发表机构

• Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales（布宜诺斯艾利斯大学，精确与自然科学学院）
• University of Luxembourg（卢森堡大学）
• Aix Marseille Université（艾克斯-马赛大学）

机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。