发表机构
Università di Salerno; INFN, Gruppo Collegato Salerno; INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati; University of Roma Tre; Univ. of Sannio（萨莱诺大学; 意大利国家核物理研究所萨莱诺协作组; 意大利国家核物理研究所弗拉斯卡蒂国家实验室; 罗马第三大学; 桑尼奥大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文通过分析约瑟夫森结开关时间分布，提出一种探测单微波光子的最优方案，并建立光子场性质、量子效率与开关特性间的关系。
AI 中文摘要
我们通过分析约瑟夫森结的开关时间分布，研究了一种利用约瑟夫森结探测单个微波光子的最优方案。所提出的分析为判断光子场是否存在提供支持，这在稀有事件情形下尤为重要。我们假设腔体和传输线是理想的（每个被腔体吸收的光子都会在传输线输出端产生一个电流脉冲），且光子源是周期性的。所采用的方法包括比较暴露于电流脉冲序列（模拟弱光子场）的约瑟夫森结的开关概率与同一器件在无脉冲情况下的开关概率。在两种情况下，热噪声都可能引起热激活开关。对两种情况下开关事件数量不平衡的研究，可以估算探测效率。此外，在逃逸过程由克拉默斯模型描述的假设下，可以建立光子场性质、探测过程的量子效率以及约瑟夫森结在有限温度下开关特性之间的关系。
英文摘要
We investigate an optimal scheme for the detection of single microwave photons by a Josephson junction through the analysis of its switching times distribution. The proposed analysis is of support for the decision about the existence of the photon field, which is important in the case of rare events. We assume that the cavity and the transmission line are ideal (each photon absorbed to the cavity gives a current pulse as the output of the transmission line) and the photon source is periodic. The employed methodology consists in comparing the switching probabilities of a Josephson junction exposed to a train of current pulses, simulating a weak photon field, with that of the same device in absence of pulses. In both cases, thermal noise can induce thermal activated switchings. The investigation of the unbalance in the number of switching events in the two cases, gives an estimate of the efficiency of the detection. Furthermore, in the assumption of escapes described by Kramers model, it is possible to provide a relationship between the properties of the photons field, the quantum efficiency of the detection process, and the Josephson junctions switching features at finite temperatures.
Journal refChaos, Solitons and Fractals 142 (2021) 110496
DOI：10.1016/j.chaos.2020.110496
