发表机构
University Of Bologna; Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium; Nanyang Technological University（博洛尼亚大学; 比利时皇家气象研究所; 南洋理工大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究通过Lorenz-63和Kuramoto-Sivashinsky模型，揭示快速强迫中的间歇性爆发如何重塑慢响应系统吸引子并驱动状态转变，利用Wasserstein距离、极值统计和相位锁定刻画其影响与同步机制。
AI 中文摘要
间歇性动力学在地球系统中无处不在，且通常源于不同时间尺度上演化过程的相互作用。在本工作中，我们研究了快速强迫系统中的间歇性爆发如何传播到较慢的响应系统并重塑其动力学，而该响应系统在未受扰动时本会稳定在准静止或弱振荡状态。我们在两个复杂度递增的耦合模型中探讨了这一问题：低维的Lorenz-63系统和空间扩展的Kuramoto-Sivashinsky方程。在这两个系统中，强迫的间歇性逐渐重塑了慢响应系统的吸引子，并驱动其进入不同的状态。利用Wasserstein距离，我们表明增加间歇事件的发生频率会逐渐使响应吸引子偏离其未受扰动的对应物，直至达到一个极限，超过该极限后偏差趋于饱和。随后我们表明，改变强迫强度和强迫与响应系统之间的时间尺度分离会驱动不同的状态转变，我们通过系综最大值的方差、两个系统的功率谱以及极值统计来表征这些转变。最后，我们研究了强迫系统中间歇性类型如何通过局部相位锁定影响两个系统之间的同步，表明相位锁定行为中的特定转变与潜在的间歇性状态相关，并且响应延迟随时间尺度分离呈指数增长。
英文摘要
Intermittent dynamics are ubiquitous in the Earth system and often arise from the interaction of processes evolving on different time scales. In this work, we investigate how intermittent bursts in a fast forcing system propagate to and reshape the dynamics of a slower response system that would otherwise settle onto a quasi-stationary or weakly oscillatory regime. We address this question in two coupled models of increasing complexity: a low-dimensional Lorenz-63 system and the spatially extended Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation. Across both systems, intermittency in the forcing progressively reshapes the attractor of the slow response system and drives it into different regimes. Using the Wasserstein distance, we show that increasing the frequency of intermittent events progressively displaces the response attractor from its unperturbed counterpart, up to a limit beyond which this deviation saturates. We then show that varying the forcing intensity and the time-scale separation between the forcing and response systems drives distinct regime transitions, which we characterize through the variance of ensemble maxima, the power spectra of both systems, and extreme value statistics. Finally, we examine how the type of intermittency in the forcing system affects synchronization between the two systems through local phase locking, showing that specific transitions in the phase-locking behavior are tied to the underlying intermittency regime, and that the response delay scales exponentially with the time-scale separation.
