发表机构
University of Cambridge（剑桥大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文证明BTZ黑洞满足黑洞力学第三定律，但无质量标量场坍缩可在有限时间形成极端BTZ，差异源于扇区不同。
AI 中文摘要
我们证明，在满足主能量条件的物质耦合的三维引力中，BTZ黑洞满足黑洞力学第三定律。该定律指出，对于任何无穷远边界条件的选择，包含陷获面的初始数据不能在有限时间内演化成一个在事件视界上与极端BTZ黑洞重合的黑洞。该结果通过定义准局域能量和角动量，并利用旋量方法建立由极端BTZ解饱和的BPS不等式来证明。然而，我们表明，无质量标量场的引力坍缩可以在有限时间内导致极端BTZ黑洞的形成。这些结果之间的差异源于引力坍缩发生在Neveu-Schwarz扇区，而极端BTZ在Ramond扇区是超对称的。我们还讨论了沿事件视界在无限时间内趋于极端BTZ的解。
英文摘要
We prove that a Third Law of black hole mechanics holds for the BTZ black hole in 3d gravity coupled to matter obeying the dominant energy condition. This law states that initial data containing a trapped surface cannot evolve in finite time to a black hole that coincides with extremal BTZ on the event horizon, for any choice of boundary conditions at infinity. The result is proved by defining a quasilocal energy and angular momentum and using spinorial methods to establish a BPS inequality that is saturated by the extremal BTZ solution. Nevertheless, we show that gravitational collapse of a massless scalar field can result in the formation of an extremal BTZ black hole in finite time. The difference between these results arises because gravitational collapse occurs in the Neveu-Schwarz sector, whereas extremal BTZ is supersymmetric in the Ramond sector. Solutions that settle down to extremal BTZ in infinite time along the event horizon are also discussed.
Comments35 pages+appendices
