结构感知渲染：代码揭示方式如何塑造程序员的视觉注意力
Structure-Aware Rendering: How Code Reveal Shapes Programmers' Visual Attention
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究提出结构化渲染技术，通过眼动追踪实验证明，基于语法结构的代码揭示方式能引导程序员视觉注意力，促进高层理解。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
AI编码界面要么一次性呈现生成的代码，要么逐token呈现。这些渲染策略反映了模型生成方式，而非程序员实际阅读代码的方式：选择性、非线性且由结构引导。我们认为，代码渲染是一等交互原语，它塑造了程序员阅读和理解代码的方式。为探索这一设计空间，我们引入了结构化渲染技术，该技术根据代码的语法层次结构，以语义上有意义的块来揭示代码，先展示高层结构，再展示低层细节。为隔离渲染对视觉注意力的影响，我们开展了一项眼动追踪研究，共有53名参与者，比较了静态渲染、基于字符的渲染和结构化渲染。我们的研究结果表明，渲染会改变视觉注意力和阅读行为：动态渲染导致更少但更长的注视和更持续的专注，而结构化渲染进一步将注意力引向语义上有意义的单元，并支持高层理解。我们发布了匿名数据集及交互式演示（此HTTPS URL），以支持未来研究。
英文摘要
AI coding interfaces present generated code either all at once or token-by-token. These rendering strategies reflect model generation rather than how programmers actually read code: selectively, non-linearly, and guided by the structure. We argue that code rendering is a first-class interaction primitive that shapes how programmers read and understand code. To explore this design space, we introduce structured rendering, a technique that reveals code in semantically meaningful chunks derived from its syntactic hierarchy, exposing high-level structure before low-level details. To isolate rendering effects on visual attention, we conducted an eye-tracking study with 53 participants comparing static, character-based, and structured rendering. Our findings show that rendering alters visual attention and reading behavior: dynamic rendering induces fewer but longer fixations and more sustained focus, while structured rendering further guides attention toward semantically meaningful units and supports high-level understanding. We release the anonymized dataset with an interactive demo (https://codegaze.vercel.app/) to support future research.
