低维系统中的载流子介导自旋螺旋：约瑟夫森干涉特征与关联重整化
Carrier-mediated spin helices in low-dimensional systems: Josephson-interference features and correlation renormalization
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica（中央研究院物理研究所）
- Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences（国家理论科学中心物理组）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
本研究探讨耦合线系统中载流子介导的自旋螺旋序，通过变分方法分析能隙与模式重构，并利用约瑟夫森结输运探测螺旋纹理，揭示场可调干涉特征作为自旋纹理探针。
AI中文摘要：
载流子诱导的螺旋磁性可以出现在与局域磁矩耦合的相互作用一维系统中。在此，我们研究了具有和不具有谷自由度的耦合线滑动Luttinger液体对应物，以孤立Tomonaga-Luttinger液体作为参考极限。载流子自旋磁化率介导了Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida相互作用，该相互作用选择螺旋有序波矢，而通道间关联锁定相对螺旋相位并稳定集体准二维纹理。使用变分处理，我们估计了螺旋诱导的部分能隙，并分析了剩余无能隙载流子模式的重构。为了通过输运探测空间纹理，我们将螺旋纳入各向异性超导体-正常金属-超导体约瑟夫森结中，该结受扭曲双层WTe$_2$的耦合通道结构启发。我们利用结界面附近的磁通聚焦，使施加的面内场成为自旋螺旋的受控探针。相对于没有螺旋的结，螺旋交换场改变了中心瓣宽度和相对瓣权重。在横向通道几何中，它还产生场依赖的旁瓣不对称性和中心峰位移，而在所考虑的参数下，匹配参考中这些效应可忽略。重构的载流子扇区还表现出修正的局域态密度指数、自旋弛豫行为和竞争关联，在孤立和耦合线系统中具有不同特征。我们的结果将耦合线系统中的集体螺旋序与载流子扇区重构联系起来，并确定场可调约瑟夫森干涉测量作为空间自旋纹理的补充输运探针。
英文摘要：
Carrier-induced helical magnetism can arise in interacting one-dimensional systems coupled to localized moments. Here, we investigate the coupled-wire sliding-Luttinger-liquid counterparts with and without valley degrees of freedom, using isolated Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids as reference limits. The carrier spin susceptibility mediates a Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida interaction that selects the helical ordering wave vector, while interchannel correlations lock the relative helix phases and stabilize a collective quasi-two-dimensional texture. Using a variational treatment, we estimate the helix-induced partial gap and analyze the reconstruction of the remaining gapless carrier modes. To probe the spatial texture through transport, we incorporate the helix into an anisotropic superconductor-normal-metal-superconductor Josephson junction motivated by the coupled-channel structure of twisted bilayer WTe$_2$. We exploit flux focusing near the junction interfaces to make an applied in-plane field a controlled probe of the spin helix. Relative to junctions without the helix, the helical exchange field modifies the central-lobe width and relative lobe weights. In the transverse-channel geometry, it also produces field-dependent side-lobe asymmetry and central-peak displacement, which remain negligible in the matched references for the parameters considered. The reconstructed carrier sector also exhibits modified local-density-of-states exponents, spin-relaxation behavior, and competing correlations, with distinct signatures in isolated and coupled-wire systems. Our results connect collective helical order in coupled-wire systems to carrier-sector reconstruction and identify field-tunable Josephson interferometry as a complementary transport probe of the spatial spin texture.
