恒星耀斑检测与表征：基于ZTF高节奏光变曲线
Stellar flare detection and characterization in ZTF High-cadence light curves
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research（塔塔基础研究所）
- California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究开发了ZTF高节奏光变曲线的耀斑检测管道，应用于2800万条光变曲线，发现331个耀斑事件，并揭示了能量与持续时间等参数的幂律关系，展示了高节奏地面巡天在恒星耀斑统计与形态研究中的潜力。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
恒星耀斑是恒星大气中磁重联事件引起的短暂、强烈的亮度增强。在本文中，我们开发了一个管道，用于在兹威基瞬变设施（ZTF）扩展深钻巡天的短时（约6.2小时）光变曲线中检测和表征耀斑。该方法涉及使用Tukey双权估计器进行稳健的去趋势处理，随后进行基于sigma的阈值设定和视觉检查以识别耀斑候选体。我们将该方法应用于2800万条光变曲线，在跨越不同演化阶段和光谱类型的310颗恒星中发现了331个耀斑事件。我们通过假设234个具有可靠距离的耀斑的黑体辐射模型来估算耀斑能量，并基于Mendoza等人（2022）的模板进行耀斑建模，对耀斑形态进行了分类。我们获得了能量与持续时间之间的幂律相关性，指数为$0.19 \pm 0.01$。我们还发现耀斑能量与$T_{decay}$、$T_{rise}$和FWHM之间存在类似的幂律相关性。这项研究展示了高节奏地面巡天在广泛恒星样本中进行统计和形态学耀斑研究的强大能力。
英文摘要
Stellar flares are brief, intense increases in brightness resulting from magnetic reconnection events in stellar atmospheres. In this paper, we have developed a pipeline to detect and characterize flares in short-duration (approximately 6.2-hour) light curves from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) Extended Deep-Drilling survey. This method involves robust detrending with Tukey's biweight estimator, followed by sigma-based thresholding and visual scrutiny to identify flare candidates. It is applied to 28 million light curves, and we found 331 flaring events from 310 stars across evolutionary stages and spectral types. We estimated flare energies by assuming a blackbody emission model for 234 flares with reliable distance, and flare morphologies were classified based on flare modeling using the template by Mendoza et al.(2022). We obtained a power law correlation between energy and duration with an index of $0.19 \pm 0.01$. We also find similar power law correlation between the flare energy and $T_{decay}$, $T_{rise}$ and FWHM. This study demonstrates the power of high-cadence ground-based surveys for statistical and morphological flare studies across a broad stellar sample.
