非平衡流动与输运的多尺度动力学方法
Multiscale Kinetic Methods for Nonequilibrium Flow and Transport
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文综述多尺度动力学方法，通过数值方法、计算策略、渐近性质和框架级表述四个层面，统一桥接稀薄至连续介质非平衡流动与输运问题，强调共同原理及其方法论演进。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
非平衡流动与输运问题本质上是多尺度的。动力学理论为描述此类现象提供了基本的物理基础，因为它将微观输运和相互作用过程与跨区域涌现的宏观行为联系起来。然而，在许多情况下，连续介质描述在部分区域内失去有效性，而当数值分辨率仍受限于最小碰撞尺度时，完全分辨的动力学描述变得极其昂贵。因此，在过去二十年中，人们发展了一类广泛的多尺度动力学方法，以桥接气体动力学及其他载流子输运系统中的稀薄、过渡和连续介质区域。现有综述已澄清了该领域的重要部分，包括动力学方程的一般数值方法、渐近保持方法以及特定方法族。本综述采用不同视角，通过四个相互作用的层面来审视该主题：数值方法、计算策略、渐近性质和框架级表述。它梳理了这些方向的主要进展，并强调了连接它们的共同原理，包括输运-相互作用耦合、渐近一致性、尺度自适应表示和尺度依赖的物理描述。从这一视角来看，多尺度动力学计算已演变为一种适用于跨尺度非平衡系统的更广泛的输运方法论。
英文摘要
Nonequilibrium flow and transport problems are inherently multiscale. Kinetic theory provides a fundamental physical basis for describing such phenomena, since it connects microscopic transport and interaction processes with emergent macroscopic behavior across regimes. In many situations, however, continuum descriptions lose validity in parts of the domain, whereas fully resolved kinetic descriptions become prohibitively expensive when numerical resolution remains tied to the smallest collision scales. Over the past two decades, a broad class of multiscale kinetic methods has therefore been developed to bridge rarefied, transitional, and continuum regimes in gas dynamics and other carrier-based transport systems. Existing reviews have clarified important parts of this field, including general numerical methods for kinetic equations, asymptotic-preserving methodology, and specific method families. This review adopts a different perspective by examining the subject through four interacting layers: numerical methods, computational strategies, asymptotic properties, and framework-level formulations. It surveys the main developments along these lines and emphasizes the common principles that connect them, including transport-interaction coupling, asymptotic consistency, scale-adaptive representation, and scale-dependent physical description. From this perspective, multiscale kinetic computation has evolved into a broader transport methodology for nonequilibrium systems across scales.
发表机构
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology（华中科技大学）
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
