发表机构
Hunan Institute of Science and Technology; Hunan Institute of Engineering; Donghua University; Laval University; University of Saskatchewan; Henan Polytechnic University（湖南理工学院; 湖南工程学院; 东华大学; 拉瓦尔大学; 萨斯喀彻温大学; 河南理工大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文针对近场多播ISAC系统，联合设计PA位置与发射协方差以最小化CRB，提出交替优化算法，兼顾通信与感知性能。
AI 中文摘要
PASS提供了一种灵活的基于波导的架构，用于重构无线传播环境并创建依赖于几何形状的辐射孔径。本文研究了一种由有损多波导PASS支持近场多播ISAC系统，其中基站向多个通信用户传输公共消息，同时感知一个或多个目标。联合设计沿波导的PA位置和馈电域发射协方差矩阵，以在多播通信约束下提高感知精度。我们首先开发了一个近场多播ISAC信号模型，该模型考虑了波导衰减、等辐射功率操作、依赖于几何形状的自由空间传播和单站感知。然后，我们推导了目标参数估计的FIM，并利用PA传输结构的块对角特性获得了紧凑的投影雅可比表示。该表示揭示了PA几何和发射协方差如何联合影响CRB。基于此结构，我们进一步表征了每波导和跨波导FIM贡献、损耗-孔径权衡、可识别性条件和通信-感知相位冲突。为了最小化CRB，我们提出了一个联合PA位置和发射协方差优化问题，受多播速率约束、馈电功率预算和PA部署约束。开发了一种交替优化算法，其中协方差子问题作为半定规划求解，PA位置子问题通过逐波导块坐标下降处理。
英文摘要
PASS provide a flexible waveguide-based architecture for reconfiguring wireless propagation environments and creating geometry-dependent radiating apertures. This paper investigates a near-field multicast ISAC system enabled by a lossy multi-waveguide PASS, where a base station transmits a common message to multiple communication users while simultaneously sensing one or multiple targets. The PA positions along the waveguides and the feed-domain transmit covariance matrix are jointly designed to improve sensing accuracy under multicast communication constraints. We first develop a near-field multicast ISAC signal model that accounts for waveguide attenuation, equal-radiated-power operation, geometry-dependent free-space propagation, and monostatic sensing. Then, we derive the FIM for target parameter estimation and obtain a compact projected-Jacobian representation by exploiting the block-diagonal PA transfer structure. This representation reveals how the PA geometry and transmit covariance jointly affect the CRB. Based on this structure, we further characterize the per-waveguide and cross-waveguide FIM contributions, the loss-aperture tradeoff, the identifiability condition, and the communication-sensing phase conflict. To minimize the CRB, we formulate a joint PA-position and transmit-covariance optimization problem subject to a multicast rate constraint, a feed-power budget, and PA deployment constraints. An alternating optimization algorithm is developed, where the covariance subproblem is solved as a semidefinite program and the PA-position subproblem is handled by waveguide-wise block coordinate descent.
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