AI 中文总结
本文证明了Nobori提出的广义Böttcher-Wenzel不等式猜想,建立了其推论Kronecker积不等式,并证明了常数2的最优性及等号成立的充要条件。
AI 中文摘要
设$m,n\ge 2$。对于$m\times n$复矩阵$A$、$C$和$n\times m$矩阵$B$,Nobori(Linear Algebra Appl. 725 (2025) 135--144)提出了关于广义Böttcher-Wenzel不等式的如下猜想:$$ \\|ABC-CBA\\|_F^2 \le 2\\|B\\|_2^2\\|A\\|_{(2),2}^2\\|C\\|_F^2, $$ 其中$\\|\cdot\\|_F$是Frobenius范数,$\\|\cdot\\|_2$是谱范数,$\\|\cdot\\|_{(2),2}$是由$\\|X\\|_{(2),2}=\sqrt{\sigma_1(X)^2+\sigma_2(X)^2}$定义的$(2,2)$-范数,其中$\sigma_1(X)$和$\sigma_2(X)$分别是$X$的最大和第二大奇异值。本文证明了该猜想,并由此建立了Nobori从中推导出的Kronecker积不等式。此外,我们证明了对每个固定的$m,~n\ge 2$,常数$2$是最优的。我们还给出了等号成立的充分必要条件,即Böttcher--Wenzel不等式中的等号条件以及由固定奇异值分解导出的若干矩阵恒等式。
英文摘要
Let $m,n\ge 2$. For $m\times n$ complex matrices $A$, $C$ and an $n\times m$ matrix $B$, Nobori (Linear Algebra Appl. 725 (2025) 135--144) proposed the following conjecture on the generalized Böttcher-Wenzel inequality: $$ \|ABC-CBA\|_F^2 \le 2\|B\|_2^2\|A\|_{(2),2}^2\|C\|_F^2, $$ where $\|\cdot\|_F$ is the Frobenius norm, $\|\cdot\|_2$ is the spectral norm, and $\|\cdot\|_{(2),2}$ is the $(2,2)$-norm defined by $\|X\|_{(2),2}=\sqrt{σ_1(X)^2+σ_2(X)^2}$, in which $σ_1(X)$ and $σ_2(X)$ are the largest and second largest singular values of $X$, respectively. This paper proves the conjecture and, as a consequence, establishes the Kronecker product inequality that Nobori derived from it. In addition, we show that for each fixed $m,~n\ge 2$, the constant $2$ is sharp. We also give necessary and sufficient conditions for equality, namely, the equality condition in the Böttcher--Wenzel inequality and some matrix identities derived from a fixed singular value decomposition.
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