发表机构
Wuhan University; National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（武汉大学; 中国科学院国家天文台; 中国科学院高能物理研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该研究通过全斯托克斯观测发现长周期射电暂现源CHIME J0630+25存在极端且快速变化的旋转测量，表明其周围存在致密且快速演化的磁离子环境，可能与致密双星系统有关。
AI 中文摘要
法拉第旋转提供了对视线方向磁化等离子体最直接的探测手段之一，其范围从大尺度银河系磁场延伸到射电源附近的致密等离子体环境。特别是，旋转测量（RM）的时间变化可以追踪法拉第旋转介质的密度、磁场强度或几何结构的变化，正如在射电脉冲星和快速射电暴中所观测到的那样。长周期射电暂现源（LPTs）是最近识别出的一类周期为数百至数千秒的相干射电源，由于其物理本质仍不确定，因此对其研究尚不充分。在此，我们展示了周期为421秒的LPT源CHIME J0630+25的全斯托克斯观测结果，并首次报告了其极端旋转测量（RM）变化，范围约为-400至-1630 rad m^-2。快速的RM变化发生在短时间尺度上，包括两个连续旋转周期之间约50 rad m^-2的差异，以及约2500秒内约536 rad m^-2的突然变化。与其他射电辐射源相比，CHIME J0630+25在色散测量-旋转测量（DM-RM）平面上占据了一个不寻常的区域：尽管其DM非常小，约为22 pc cm^-3，但|RM|却超过1.6 x 10^3 rad m^-2，远远超过星际介质和脉冲星的预期值。快速且大幅度的RM变化应源于源附近致密、结构化且快速演化的磁离子环境，可能与小质量致密双星系统有关。
英文摘要
Faraday rotation provides one of the most direct probes of magnetized plasma along the line of sight, from the large-scale Galactic magnetic field to compact plasma environments local to radio sources. In particular, temporal variations in rotation measure can trace changes in the density, magnetic-field strength, or geometry of the Faraday-rotating medium, as observed in radio pulsars and fast radio bursts. Long-period radio transients (LPTs), a recently identified class of coherent radio sources with periods of hundreds to thousands of seconds, remain poorly explored because their physical nature is still uncertain. Here we present full-Stokes observations of the 421-s LPT source CHIME J0630+25 and report, for the first time, extreme rotation measure (RM) variability from approximately -400 to -1630 rad m^-2. The rapid RM changes occur on short timescales, including a difference of approximately 50 rad m^-2 between two consecutive rotation periods and a sudden change of approximately 536 rad m^-2 within approximately 2500 s. Compared with other radio-emitting sources, CHIME J0630+25 occupies an unusual region of the DM-RM plane: despite its very small DM of approximately 22 pc cm^-3, |RM| reaches over 1.6 x 10^3 rad m^-2, far exceeding that expected from the interstellar medium and pulsars. The fast and large-amplitude RM variations should arise from a compact, structured, and rapidly evolving magneto-ionic environment local to the source, possibly associated with a compact binary system.
Comments28 pages, 3 figures plus 6 figures in the methods, the initial submission on July 12, comments are welcome
