一个主动软玻璃流变学模型
An active soft glassy rheology model
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究提出活性软玻璃流变学模型，在介观尺度引入持久随机应变率，揭示活性驱动致密非晶材料从幂律到麦克斯韦行为的流化转变，并表征流化时间尺度。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
生物材料，如细胞骨架和汇合细胞单层，是活跃的致密系统，持续承受内部应力和应变，因此对其流变学表征至关重要。虽然软物质中的活性可以在多个长度尺度上建模，但其力学后果仍然强烈依赖于模型，且尚未出现统一的理论框架。在此，我们使用软玻璃流变学（SGR）模型研究致密活性非晶材料的流变学，将局部元素介观尺度上的活性纳入为一种在某个时间尺度τ_p上持久的随机应变率。我们表明，活性开辟了一条长时间弛豫通道，驱动从SGR类幂律流变学在最低频率下向麦克斯韦类行为的交叉。结合极限区域中的解析论证与数值模拟，我们表征了由此产生的流化时间尺度及其对活性参数的依赖性，这显示出与别处引入的有效温度有强烈类比，后者同样编码了活性诱导的流化。我们的活性SGR模型提供了一条最小介观路径，用于理解活性驱动如何改变致密非晶材料的流变学。
英文摘要
Biological materials such as the cytoskeleton and confluent cell monolayers are active, dense systems continuously subjected to internal stresses and strains, making their rheological characterization essential. While activity in soft matter can be modeled across multiple length scales, its mechanical consequences remain strongly model dependent and no unified theoretical framework has yet emerged. Here, we study the rheology of dense active amorphous materials using the Soft Glassy Rheology (SGR) model, incorporating activity at the mesoscopic scale of local elements as a stochastic strain rate that is persistent on some timescale $τ_p$. We show that activity opens a long-time relaxation channel, driving a crossover from SGR-like power-law rheology to Maxwell-like behavior at the lowest frequencies. Combining analytical arguments in limiting regimes with numerical simulations, we characterize the resulting fluidisation time scale and its dependence on the activity parameters, which shows strong analogies with effective temperatures introduced elsewhere that similarly encode activity-induced fluidisation. Our active SGR model provides a minimal mesoscopic route to understanding how driving by activity modifies the rheology of dense amorphous materials.
发表机构
- University of Göttingen, Institute for Theoretical Physics（哥廷根大学理论物理研究所）
- King’s College London, Department of Mathematics（伦敦国王学院数学系）
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