用于选择性外周经皮刺激的便携式多通道千赫兹电流刺激器
A Portable Multichannel Kilohertz Current Stimulator for Selective Peripheral Transcutaneous Stimulation
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London（帝国理工学院生物工程系）
- OT Bioelettronica（OT生物电子公司）
- Centre for Machine Vision and Signal Analysis, University of Oulu（奥卢大学机器视觉与信号分析中心）
- Department of Engineering Technology, Technical University of Denmark（丹麦技术大学工程技术系）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
本文提出便携式12通道千赫兹电流刺激器SineStim，支持独立参数控制与突发调制，经人体实验验证可实现选择性刺激且sEMG伪影极小，为多通道闭环神经调控提供新工具。
AI中文摘要：
我们提出了SineStim，一种便携式12通道电流刺激器，用于经皮脊髓刺激和千赫兹频率的外周电刺激。每个通道提供独立的、电流控制的正弦波形，幅度从0到50 mA（分辨率为0.1 mA），频率从0到50 kHz（分辨率为0.1 Hz），并支持突发调制模式。我们设计并开发了一个具有±120 V高顺应电压的定制输出级，通道间采用电流隔离，每个通道的刺激参数可独立编程。该刺激器的性能在无源负载和人体受试者上进行了测试。在电阻性和阻容性负载上的台式表征显示，在典型工作条件下总谐波失真在1%至8%之间。多通道功能通过双通道人体前臂刺激实验得到验证。具有不同通道幅度的突发调制波形调节了指间力比，而具有小频率偏移的通道在拍频处引发时间干扰力模式。平滑包络的千赫兹正弦波形突发在运动阈值下的同步表面肌电图（sEMG）记录中产生可忽略的稳态刺激伪影，这与传统的双相方波刺激形成对比。SineStim通过便携式设备提供精确、隔离、多通道的千赫兹刺激，其性能在台式负载和人类参与者上均得到验证。通过将多通道空间控制与最小伪影sEMG兼容性相结合，SineStim使得基于多通道优化和实时闭环控制能力的未来精准无创神经刺激范式成为可能，而这些能力是现有单通道刺激器所不具备的。
英文摘要：
We present SineStim, a portable, 12-channel current stimulator for transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation and peripheral electrical stimulation at kilohertz frequencies. Each channel delivers independent, current-controlled sinusoidal waveforms with amplitudes from 0 to 50 mA (0.1 mA resolution) and frequencies from 0 to 50 kHz (0.1 Hz resolution), with burst modulation modes supported. A custom output stage with a high compliance voltage of $\pm$ 120 V was designed and developed, with galvanically isolated channels and independently programmable stimulation parameters for each channel. The stimulator performance was tested on both passive loads and human subjects. Benchtop characterisation on resistive and resistive-capacitive loads demonstrated a total harmonic distortion between 1 - 8 % across typical operating conditions. Multichannel functionality was demonstrated in two-channel human forearm stimulation experiments. Burst-modulated waveforms with differing channel amplitudes modulated inter-finger force ratios, and channels with small frequency offsets elicited temporal interference force patterns at the beat frequency. Smoothly enveloped bursts of kilohertz sinusoidal waveforms produced negligible stimulation artifacts at steady state in concurrent surface electromyography (sEMG) recordings at motor threshold, in contrast to conventional biphasic square wave stimulation. SineStim delivers precise, isolated, multichannel kilohertz stimulation through a portable device, with performance demonstrated on both benchtop loads and human participants. By combining multichannel spatial control with minimal-artifact sEMG compatibility, SineStim enables future precision non-invasive neural stimulation paradigms based on multichannel optimisation and real-time closed-loop control capabilities not available via existing single-channel stimulators.
