过滤恶魔：超越标准热力学界限并利用测量误差与量子摩擦
The Filtering Demon: Beyond Standard Thermodynamic Bounds and Harnessing Measurement Error and Quantum Friction
- College of Physics, Jilin University（吉林大学物理学院）
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook（纽约州立大学石溪分校化学系和物理与天文学系）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
提出一种利用麦克斯韦妖过滤有害轨迹的奥托信息引擎，在计入恶魔成本后仍超越标准奥托极限和卡诺界限，并利用测量误差和量子摩擦作为资源提升鲁棒性。
AI中文摘要：
标准随机热机盲目运行，对微观状态不加区分地强制执行功提取协议，从而抑制了功输出、稳定性和效率。为克服这一问题，我们提出了一种奥托信息引擎（OIE），该引擎利用麦克斯韦妖过滤掉有害的随机轨迹，并证明与相应的标准奥托引擎相比，OIE能够提供增强的功输出和稳定性。值得注意的是，即使在计入恶魔的能量成本后，OIE的效率仍超过了标准奥托极限和卡诺界限。此外，通过应用信息耗散涨落定理，我们推导出效率的上下界，确认我们的结果符合热力学第二定律。最后，与直觉相反，测量误差和量子内摩擦传统上被认为是有害的，但可以被利用作为资源，这提高了鲁棒性，并使我们能够忽略绝热冲程时间。
英文摘要：
Standard stochastic heat engines operate blindly, enforcing work extraction protocols indiscriminately on microstates, and consequently suppressing work output, stability, efficiency. To overcome this, we propose an Otto information engine (OIE) that employs a Maxwell's demon to filter out detrimental stochastic trajectories, and demonstrate that the OIE can provide enhanced work output and stability compared to the corresponding standard Otto engine. Remarkably, even after accounting for the energetic costs of the demon, the OIE efficiency surpasses both the standard Otto limit and Carnot bound. Furthermore, by applying the fluctuation theorem of information dissipation, we derive upper and lower bounds on efficiency, confirming that our results adhere to the second law of thermodynamics. Finally, and counterintuitively, measurement errors and quantum inner friction, traditionally considered deleterious, can be harnessed as resources, which improves robustness and enables us to ignore the adiabatic strokes time.
