克服准静态瓶颈：实现近单位效率的有限时间量子奥托信息引擎
Overcoming the Quasi-Static Bottleneck: A Finite-Time Quantum Otto Information Engine Achieving Near-Unity Efficiency
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中文总结 AI 辅助
针对量子热机准静态限制，提出有限时间量子奥托信息引擎，利用麦克斯韦妖测量反馈保持相干并利用内摩擦，实现快速驱动下近单位效率与正功输出。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
通常，由吉布斯热库驱动的量子热机仅在准静态过程中才能达到最大功输出和效率，这一限制因导致功率输出趋零而妨碍了实际应用。为解决这一根本性限制，我们提出了一种由麦克斯韦妖配合单一吉布斯热库驱动的有限时间量子奥托信息引擎（OIE）。我们证明，妖的测量与反馈控制能够保持量子相干性以提取相干功，同时利用量子内摩擦作为功源。因此，该OIE仅通过调制哈密顿量的本征态即可产生功，并在功输出和效率（计入妖的能量成本）上超越其传统对应物的准静态极限。值得注意的是，在快速驱动区域，OIE能够实现接近完美的效率并伴随正的功提取。
英文摘要
Generally, quantum heat engines driven by Gibbs reservoirs achieve their maximum work and efficiency only in quasi-static processes, a constraint that hampers practical applications due to the resulting vanishing power output. To address this fundamental limitation, we propose a finite-time quantum Otto information engine (OIE) driven by a Maxwell's demon paired with a single Gibbs reservoir. We demonstrate that the demon's measurement and feedback control can preserve quantum coherence to extract coherent work, while harnessing quantum internal friction as a work source. Consequently, the OIE can produce work by only modulating the eigenstates of the Hamiltonian, and surpass the quasi-static limits of its conventional counterpart in the work output and the efficiency, which accounts for the energetic cost of the demon. Notably, the OIE can achieve near-perfect efficiency alongside positive work extraction in the rapid-driving regime.
发表机构
- College of Physics, Jilin University（吉林大学物理学院）
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook（纽约州立大学石溪分校化学系和物理与天文学系）
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