伽马射线回响作为超新星中微子发射各向异性与长基线效应的探针
Gamma-Ray Echo as a Probe of Supernova Neutrino Emission Anisotropy and Long-Baseline Effects
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究提出通过比较伽马射线回响与地面中微子观测推断的反中微子含量，探测超新星中微子发射各向异性及长基线传播效应，并表明大有效面积伽马射线望远镜可测试相关效应。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
在核心坍缩超新星（CCSN）期间，发射的电子反中微子（$\bar{\nu}_e$）爆发在恒星包层的外层氢层中引发逆β衰变（IBD）。这导致产生特征性的511 keV光子信号，称为伽马射线回响。同样的中微子爆发，当在地球上的大型中微子观测站（如超级神冈探测器）中被探测到时，将提供关于到达地球的中微子通量中$\bar{\nu}_e$含量的信息。在这项工作中，我们表明，在邻近CCSN事件期间，将伽马射线回响推断出的$\bar{\nu}_e$含量与地面中微子观测推断出的含量进行比较，可以为大的中微子发射各向异性和长基线传播效应提供有前景的探针。在后一种情况下，超新星-地球联合观测有效地充当了天体物理基线上中微子传播的近-远探测器配置。我们发现，对于近地超新星，使用有效面积为$\mathcal{O}(10^4)~\mathrm{ cm^2}$的伽马射线望远镜，可以测试百分之几十水平上的各向异性或非标准传播效应。因此，我们的结果推动了下一代在MeV间隙运行的大有效面积伽马射线望远镜的发展。
英文摘要
During a core-collapse supernova (CCSN), the emitted electron antineutrino ($\barν_e$) burst initiates inverse beta decay (IBD) in the outer hydrogen layer of the stellar envelope. This leads to the production of a characteristic 511 keV photon signal, termed the Gamma-Ray Echo. The same neutrino burst, when detected on Earth in large neutrino observatories such as Hyper-Kamiokande, will offer information about the $\barν_e$ content of the neutrino flux reaching Earth. In this work, we show that comparing the $\barν_e$ content inferred from the gamma-ray echo with that inferred from terrestrial neutrino observations during a nearby CCSN event can offer a promising probe of large neutrino emission anisotropies and long-baseline propagation effects. In the latter case, the combined SN-Earth observations effectively act as a near-far detector configuration for neutrino propagation over an astrophysical baseline. We find that, for a near-Earth supernova, anisotropies or non-standard propagation effects at the level of tens of percent can be tested using gamma-ray telescopes with effective areas of $\mathcal{O}(10^4)~\mathrm{ cm^2}$. Therefore, our results motivate the development of the next generation of large effective area gamma-ray telescopes operating in the MeV gap.
发表机构
- Arizona State University（亚利桑那州立大学）
- Technische Universität München（慕尼黑工业大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
