发表机构
University of California, Irvine; Tiami Labs（加州大学尔湾分校; Tiami实验室）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文验证了用于双基地ISAC无人机感知的数字孪生TiamiTwin，基于5G实测数据，发现现有模型低估延迟扩展，但目标在多数路径上仍可分离。
AI 中文摘要
利用蜂窝机会信号监测关键基础设施上方的低空空域非常实用，因为发射器是预先部署、获得许可且持续运行的。数字孪生可以评估此类集成感知与通信（ISAC）架构的可行性，但其预测准确性必须通过真实世界数据进行验证。本文报告了TiamiTwin的验证结果，TiamiTwin是为双基地ISAC无人机感知开发的数字孪生，使用了来自一个运营中的5G部署的经验测量数据，该部署采用商用n41频段gNB和接收器，两者相距572.8米，信道为非视距（NLOS）。TiamiTwin包含三种并行信道表示，在240子载波网格上评估：3GPP TR 38.901（第19版）双基地ISAC模型、射线追踪站点模型以及捕获的现场测量数据。实证结果表明，统计模型和射线追踪模型均将测得的均方根（RMS）延迟扩展低估了约三倍。此外，目标反射在功率上比静态杂波低68 dB，使得目标检测完全依赖于多普勒分离，以将无人机与零多普勒背景回波区分开来。尽管存在这种严重的杂波环境，在延迟、多普勒或联合延迟-多普勒域中，目标在88%的飞行路径上仍保持可分离性。
英文摘要
Monitoring lower airspace over critical infrastructure using cellular signals of opportunity is highly practical because transmitters are pre-deployed, licensed, and continuously active. Digital twins can evaluate the feasibility of such integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) architectures, but their predictive accuracy must be validated against real-world data. This paper reports validation results for TiamiTwin, a digital twin developed for bistatic ISAC drone sensing, using empirical measurements from an operational 5G deployment featuring a commercial band n41 gNB and a receiver separated by 572.8 m over a non-line-of-sight (NLOS) channel. TiamiTwin incorporates three parallel channel representations evaluated on a 240-subcarrier grid: the 3GPP TR 38.901 (Release 19) bistatic ISAC model, a ray-traced site model, and the captured field measurements. Empirical results demonstrate that both statistical and ray-tracing models under-predict the measured root-mean-square (RMS) delay spread by approximately a factor of three. Furthermore, target reflections sit 68 dB below static clutter in power, making target detection entirely dependent on Doppler separation to isolate the drone from zero-Doppler background returns. Despite this severe clutter environment, the target remains separable along 88% of the flight path in the delay, Doppler, or joint delay-Doppler domains.
CommentsAccepted for presentation at the IEEE MILCOM 2026 Workshop on Integrated Sensing and Communication for Critical Infrastructure Protection (ISAC4CIP)
