非CSS码上的模块化容错量子计算
Modular fault-tolerant quantum computing on a non-CSS code
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究首次在离子阱量子计算机上,使用最小的非CSS码$[[5,1,3]]$码,实现了模块化容错通用量子计算所需的全部逻辑操作,并表征了旁观者错误及优化了逻辑层析成像。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
模块化有望将大规模量子处理器的设计和实现复杂性分解为更小的可管理子任务。在这种方法中,量子通道(例如通过量子比特的物理重路由或量子隐形传态实现)连接多个模块。每个模块容纳量子比特的一个子集,例如多个逻辑量子比特,并提供对其进行的量子操作。在这项工作中,我们首次在离子阱量子计算机上,使用非Calderbank-Shor-Steane(CSS)码——即完美的$[[5, 1, 3]]$码——实现了模块化容错通用量子计算所需的全部逻辑操作。该码是能够纠正任何单量子比特错误的最小的量子纠错(QEC)码,使其成为较大CSS码的紧凑替代方案。我们演示了逻辑态隐形传态以及通用逻辑控制所需的全套容错操作,包括逻辑态制备、具有实时反馈的QEC、逻辑测量、魔法态制备、逻辑纠缠操作和魔法态注入。此外,我们表征了在不同量子比特寄存器上的量子操作期间,空闲逻辑量子比特所累积的逻辑旁观者错误,并演示了一种逻辑泡利量子过程层析成像,该层析成像最小化了逻辑层析成像所需的采样资源。
英文摘要
Modularization promises to break down the design and implementation complexity of large scale quantum processors into smaller manageable subtasks. In this approach, quantum channels, realized for instance through physical rerouting of qubits or quantum teleportation, connect multiple modules. Each of those modules hosts a subset of qubits, e.g. multiple logical qubits, and provides quantum operations on them. In this work, we implement for the first time all logical operations required for modular fault-tolerant universal quantum computing with a non-Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) code, the perfect $[[5, 1, 3]]$ code, on a trapped-ion quantum computer. This code is the smallest quantum error-correcting (QEC) code capable of correcting any single-qubit error, making it a compact alternative to larger CSS codes. We demonstrate logical state teleportation and a full suite of fault-tolerant operations required for universal logical control, including logical state preparation, QEC with real-time feedback, logical measurements, magic-state preparation, logical entangling operations, and magic-state injection. Moreover, we characterize the logical spectator error picked up by idling logical qubits during quantum operations on distinct qubit registers and demonstrate a logical Pauli quantum process tomography that minimizes required sampling resources for logical tomography.
发表机构
- Universität Innsbruck(因斯布鲁克大学)
- Forschungszentrum Jülich(于利希研究中心)
- RWTH Aachen University(亚琛工业大学)
- Universidad Autonoma de Madrid(马德里自治大学)
- Alpine Quantum Technologies GmbH(阿尔卑斯量子技术公司)
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