发表机构
Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas – CBPF; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – UERJ（巴西物理研究中心; 里约热内卢州立大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文在狭义相对论框架下分析质量概念，指出复合系统质量不可加，并论证可观测宇宙中重子物质质量主要源于强相互作用的能量。
AI 中文摘要
本文分析了狭义相对论中的质量概念，首先解构了爱因斯坦方程（$\varepsilon_\circ = m c^2$）作为等价原理的解释。基于动量与能量守恒定律的采用，确立了复合系统中质量的不可加性。在原子和核系统中，总质量小于其组成质量之和；而在亚核领域则相反：夸克的正势能约束导致强子的质量大于其夸克质量之和；对于核子而言，这一差值更为显著。因此得出结论：可观测宇宙中重子物质的质量大部分来源于强相互作用相关的能量。
英文摘要
The text analyzes the concept of mass within Special Relativity, initially deconstructing the interpretation of Einstein's equation ($\varepsilon_\circ = m c^2$) as a principle of equivalence. Based on the adoption of the conservation laws of momentum and energy, the non-additivity of mass in composite systems is established. While in atomic and nuclear systems the total mass is less than the sum of its constituents, in the subnuclear domain the opposite occurs: the positive potential energy of confinement of quarks causes the mass of a hadron to be greater than the sum of the masses of its quarks; in the case of nucleons, it is much greater. It is concluded, then, that the mass of baryonic matter in the observable Universe comes, for the most part, from the energy associated with strong interactions.
Comments11 p, 4 figures
